Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkam | om papka |
2SG: | papkat | ot papka |
3SG: | papkaš | ok/ogeš papka |
1PL: | papkaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na papka |
2PL: | papkaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da papka |
3PL: | papkaə̑t | ogə̑t papka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkaə̑m | šə̑m papka |
2SG: | papkaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ papka |
3SG: | papkaje | ə̑š papka |
1PL: | papkana | ə̑šna papka |
2PL: | papkada | ə̑šda papka |
3PL: | papkaə̑č́ | ə̑št papka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkaə̑nam | papkaə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | papkaə̑nat | papkaə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | papkaə̑n | papkaə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | papkaə̑nna | papkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | papkaə̑nda | papkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | papkaə̑nə̑t | papkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkam ə̑l'e | om papka ə̑l'e |
2SG: | papkat ə̑l'e | ot papka ə̑l'e |
3SG: | papkaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš papka ə̑l'e |
1PL: | papkaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na papka ə̑l'e |
2PL: | papkaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da papka ə̑l'e |
3PL: | papkaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t papka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkam ulmaš | om papka ulmaš |
2SG: | papkat ulmaš | ot papka ulmaš |
3SG: | papkaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš papka ulmaš |
1PL: | papkaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na papka ulmaš |
2PL: | papkaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da papka ulmaš |
3PL: | papkaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t papka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkaə̑nam ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | papkaə̑nat ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | papkaə̑n ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | papkaə̑nna ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | papkaə̑nda ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | papkaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | papkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkaə̑nam ulmaš | papkaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | papkaə̑nat ulmaš | papkaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | papkaə̑n ulmaš | papkaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | papkaə̑nna ulmaš | papkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | papkaə̑nda ulmaš | papkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | papkaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | papkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | papka | it papka |
3SG: | papkaže | ə̑nže papka |
1PL: | (papkaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na papka) |
2PL: | papkaza | ida papka |
3PL: | papkašt | ə̑nə̑št papka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkanem | ə̑nem papka |
2SG: | papkanet | ə̑net papka |
3SG: | papkaneže | ə̑než papka |
1PL: | papkanena | ə̑nena papka |
2PL: | papkaneda | ə̑neda papka |
3PL: | papkanešt | ə̑nešt papka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | papkanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem papka ə̑l'e |
2SG: | papkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net papka ə̑l'e |
3SG: | papkaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než papka ə̑l'e |
1PL: | papkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena papka ə̑l'e |
2PL: | papkaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda papka ə̑l'e |
3PL: | papkanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt papka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | papkanet ulmaš | ə̑net papka ulmaš |
3SG: | papkaneže ulmaš | ə̑než papka ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | papkaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda papka ulmaš |
3PL: | papkanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt papka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | papkaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | papkaman |
Active participle: | papkaše |
Passive participle: | papkame |
Future-necessitive participle: | papkašaš |
Negative participle: | papkadə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | papkaə̑n |
Negative gerund: | papkade |
Gerund of prior action: | papkamek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | papkameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | papkašə̑la |
Nominalization: | papkamaš |
Negative nominalization: | papkadə̑maš |