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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃ |
Genitive: | punt͡ɕalmaʃən |
Dative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃlan |
Accusative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃəm |
Comparative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃla |
Comitative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃge |
Inessive: | punt͡ɕalmaʃte, punt͡ɕalmaʃəʃte |
Illative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃke, punt͡ɕalmaʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃeʃ |
1SG: | punt͡ɕalmaʃem |
2SG: | punt͡ɕalmaʃet |
3SG: | punt͡ɕalmaʃːe, punt͡ɕalmaʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | punt͡ɕalmaʃna |
2PL: | punt͡ɕalmaʃda |
3PL: | punt͡ɕalmaʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | punt͡ɕalmaʃla |
Sociative Plural: | punt͡ɕalmaʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃem | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlak | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakem, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | punt͡ɕalmaʃemən | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakən | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemən, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃemlan, punt͡ɕalmaʃlanem | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlaklan | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemlan, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃeməm | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəm | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeməm, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃemla, punt͡ɕalmaʃlam | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakla | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemla, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃemge | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakge | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemge, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | punt͡ɕalmaʃtem, punt͡ɕalmaʃəʃtem | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃte | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃkem, punt͡ɕalmaʃəʃkem | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | punt͡ɕalmaʃeʃem | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeʃ | punt͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeʃem, punt͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |