Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringam | om ring |
| 2SG: | ringat | ot ring |
| 3SG: | ringeš | ok/ogeš ring |
| 1PL: | ringə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ring |
| 2PL: | ringə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ring |
| 3PL: | ringə̑t | ogə̑t ring |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringə̑m | šə̑m ring |
| 2SG: | ringə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ring |
| 3SG: | ringe | ə̑š ring |
| 1PL: | ringna | ə̑šna ring |
| 2PL: | ringda | ə̑šda ring |
| 3PL: | ringə̑č́ | ə̑št ring |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringə̑nam | ringə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ringə̑nat | ringə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ringə̑n | ringə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ringə̑nna | ringə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ringə̑nda | ringə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ringə̑nə̑t | ringə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringam ə̑l'e | om ring ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ringat ə̑l'e | ot ring ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ringeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ring ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ringə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ring ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ringə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ring ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ringə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ring ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringam ulmaš | om ring ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ringat ulmaš | ot ring ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ringeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ring ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ringə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ring ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ringə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ring ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ringə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ring ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringə̑nam ə̑l'e | ringə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ringə̑nat ə̑l'e | ringə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ringə̑n ə̑l'e | ringə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ringə̑nna ə̑l'e | ringə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ringə̑nda ə̑l'e | ringə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ringə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | ringə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringə̑nam ulmaš | ringə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ringə̑nat ulmaš | ringə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ringə̑n ulmaš | ringə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ringə̑nna ulmaš | ringə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ringə̑nda ulmaš | ringə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ringə̑nə̑t ulmaš | ringə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ring | it ring |
| 3SG: | ringše | ə̑nže ring |
| 1PL: | (ringə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ring) |
| 2PL: | ringsa | ida ring |
| 3PL: | ringə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ring |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringnem | ə̑nem ring |
| 2SG: | ringnet | ə̑net ring |
| 3SG: | ringneže | ə̑než ring |
| 1PL: | ringnena | ə̑nena ring |
| 2PL: | ringneda | ə̑neda ring |
| 3PL: | ringnešt | ə̑nešt ring |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ringnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ring ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ringnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ring ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ringneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ring ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ringnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ring ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ringneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ring ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ringnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ring ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ringnet ulmaš | ə̑net ring ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ringneže ulmaš | ə̑než ring ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ringneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ring ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ringnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ring ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ringaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ringman |
| Active participle: | ringše |
| Passive participle: | ringme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ringšaš |
| Negative participle: | ringdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ringə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | ringde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ringmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ringmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ringšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ringmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ringdə̑maš |
