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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | rusta |
Genitive: | rustan |
Dative: | rustalan |
Accusative: | rustam |
Comparative: | rustala |
Comitative: | rustage |
Inessive: | rustaʃte |
Illative: | rustaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | rustaʃ |
1SG: | rustam |
2SG: | rustat |
3SG: | rustaʒ(e) |
1PL: | rustana |
2PL: | rustada |
3PL: | rustaʃt |
Plural (1): | rusta-βlak |
Plural (2): | rusta-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | rustala |
Sociative Plural: | rustamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | rustam | rusta-βlak | rusta-βlakem, rustam-βlak |
Genitive: | rustamən | rusta-βlakən | rusta-βlakemən, rustam-βlakən |
Dative: | rustamlan, rustalanem | rusta-βlaklan | rusta-βlakemlan, rustam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | rustaməm | rusta-βlakəm | rusta-βlakeməm, rustam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | rustamla, rustalam | rusta-βlakla | rusta-βlakemla, rustam-βlakla |
Comitative: | rustamge | rusta-βlakge | rusta-βlakemge, rustam-βlakge |
Inessive: | rustaʃtem | rusta-βlakəʃte | rusta-βlakəʃtem, rustam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | rustaʃkem | rusta-βlakəʃ(ke) | rusta-βlakəʃkem, rustam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | rustaʃem | rusta-βlakeʃ | rusta-βlakeʃem, rustam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |