Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalem | om saβə̑rkale |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalet | ot saβə̑rkale |
3SG: | saβə̑rkala | ok/ogeš saβə̑rkale |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalena | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rkale |
2PL: | saβə̑rkaleda | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rkale |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalat | ogə̑t saβə̑rkale |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑šə̑m | šə̑m saβə̑rkale |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saβə̑rkale |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑š | ə̑š saβə̑rkale |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑šna | ə̑šna saβə̑rkale |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑šda | ə̑šda saβə̑rkale |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑št | ə̑št saβə̑rkale |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalenam | saβə̑rkalen omə̑l |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalenat | saβə̑rkalen otə̑l |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalen | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑l |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalenna | saβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalenda | saβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalenə̑t | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalem ə̑l'e | om saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalet ə̑l'e | ot saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | saβə̑rkala ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | saβə̑rkaleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalem ulmaš | om saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalet ulmaš | ot saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3SG: | saβə̑rkala ulmaš | ok/ogeš saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
2PL: | saβə̑rkaleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalat ulmaš | ogə̑t saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalenam ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalenat ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalen ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalenna ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalenda ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalen ə̑l'e | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalenam ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalenat ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalen ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalenna ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalenda ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalen ulmaš | saβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | saβə̑rkale | it saβə̑rkale |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑že | ə̑nže saβə̑rkale |
1PL: | (saβə̑rkalena) | (ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rkale) |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑za | ida saβə̑rkale |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saβə̑rkale |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑nem | ə̑nem saβə̑rkale |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑net | ə̑net saβə̑rkale |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑neže | ə̑než saβə̑rkale |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑nena | ə̑nena saβə̑rkale |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑neda | ə̑neda saβə̑rkale |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑nešt | ə̑nešt saβə̑rkale |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3SG: | saβə̑rkalə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3PL: | saβə̑rkalə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saβə̑rkale ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | saβə̑rkalaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | saβə̑rkalə̑man |
Active participle: | saβə̑rkalə̑še |
Passive participle: | saβə̑rkalə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | saβə̑rkalə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | saβə̑rkalə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | saβə̑rkalen |
Negative gerund: | saβə̑rkalə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | saβə̑rkalə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | saβə̑rkalə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | saβə̑rkalə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | saβə̑rkalə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | saβə̑rkalə̑də̑maš |