Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalem | om sakale |
2SG: | sakalet | ot sakale |
3SG: | sakala | ok/ogeš sakale |
1PL: | sakalena | ona/ogə̑na sakale |
2PL: | sakaleda | oda/ogə̑da sakale |
3PL: | sakalat | ogə̑t sakale |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sakale |
2SG: | sakalə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sakale |
3SG: | sakalə̑š | ə̑š sakale |
1PL: | sakalə̑šna | ə̑šna sakale |
2PL: | sakalə̑šda | ə̑šda sakale |
3PL: | sakalə̑št | ə̑št sakale |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalenam | sakalen omə̑l |
2SG: | sakalenat | sakalen otə̑l |
3SG: | sakalen | sakalen ogə̑l |
1PL: | sakalenna | sakalen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | sakalenda | sakalen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | sakalenə̑t | sakalen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalem ə̑l'e | om sakale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakalet ə̑l'e | ot sakale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakala ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sakale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakalena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sakale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sakale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakalat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sakale ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalem ulmaš | om sakale ulmaš |
2SG: | sakalet ulmaš | ot sakale ulmaš |
3SG: | sakala ulmaš | ok/ogeš sakale ulmaš |
1PL: | sakalena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sakale ulmaš |
2PL: | sakaleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sakale ulmaš |
3PL: | sakalat ulmaš | ogə̑t sakale ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalenam ə̑l'e | sakalen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakalenat ə̑l'e | sakalen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakalen ə̑l'e | sakalen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakalenna ə̑l'e | sakalen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakalenda ə̑l'e | sakalen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakalen ə̑l'e | sakalen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalenam ulmaš | sakalen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | sakalenat ulmaš | sakalen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | sakalen ulmaš | sakalen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | sakalenna ulmaš | sakalen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | sakalenda ulmaš | sakalen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | sakalen ulmaš | sakalen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakale | it sakale |
3SG: | sakalə̑že | ə̑nže sakale |
1PL: | (sakalena) | (ona/ogə̑na sakale) |
2PL: | sakalə̑za | ida sakale |
3PL: | sakalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sakale |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalə̑nem | ə̑nem sakale |
2SG: | sakalə̑net | ə̑net sakale |
3SG: | sakalə̑neže | ə̑než sakale |
1PL: | sakalə̑nena | ə̑nena sakale |
2PL: | sakalə̑neda | ə̑neda sakale |
3PL: | sakalə̑nešt | ə̑nešt sakale |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakalə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sakale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sakale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakalə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sakale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sakale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakalə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sakale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakalə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sakale ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakalə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net sakale ulmaš |
3SG: | sakalə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než sakale ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | sakalə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sakale ulmaš |
3PL: | sakalə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sakale ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | sakalaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | sakalə̑man |
Active participle: | sakalə̑še |
Passive participle: | sakalə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | sakalə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | sakalə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | sakalen |
Negative gerund: | sakalə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | sakalə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | sakalə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | sakalə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | sakalə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | sakalə̑də̑maš |