Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmem | om sakaltme |
2SG: | sakaltmet | ot sakaltme |
3SG: | sakaltma | ok/ogeš sakaltme |
1PL: | sakaltmena | ona/ogə̑na sakaltme |
2PL: | sakaltmeda | oda/ogə̑da sakaltme |
3PL: | sakaltmat | ogə̑t sakaltme |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sakaltme |
2SG: | sakaltmə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sakaltme |
3SG: | sakaltmə̑š | ə̑š sakaltme |
1PL: | sakaltmə̑šna | ə̑šna sakaltme |
2PL: | sakaltmə̑šda | ə̑šda sakaltme |
3PL: | sakaltmə̑št | ə̑št sakaltme |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmenam | sakaltmen omə̑l |
2SG: | sakaltmenat | sakaltmen otə̑l |
3SG: | sakaltmen | sakaltmen ogə̑l |
1PL: | sakaltmenna | sakaltmen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | sakaltmenda | sakaltmen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | sakaltmenə̑t | sakaltmen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmem ə̑l'e | om sakaltme ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltmet ə̑l'e | ot sakaltme ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakaltma ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sakaltme ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltmena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sakaltme ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltmeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sakaltme ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltmat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sakaltme ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmem ulmaš | om sakaltme ulmaš |
2SG: | sakaltmet ulmaš | ot sakaltme ulmaš |
3SG: | sakaltma ulmaš | ok/ogeš sakaltme ulmaš |
1PL: | sakaltmena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sakaltme ulmaš |
2PL: | sakaltmeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sakaltme ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltmat ulmaš | ogə̑t sakaltme ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmenam ə̑l'e | sakaltmen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltmenat ə̑l'e | sakaltmen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakaltmen ə̑l'e | sakaltmen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltmenna ə̑l'e | sakaltmen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltmenda ə̑l'e | sakaltmen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltmen ə̑l'e | sakaltmen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmenam ulmaš | sakaltmen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | sakaltmenat ulmaš | sakaltmen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | sakaltmen ulmaš | sakaltmen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | sakaltmenna ulmaš | sakaltmen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | sakaltmenda ulmaš | sakaltmen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltmen ulmaš | sakaltmen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakaltme | it sakaltme |
3SG: | sakaltmə̑že | ə̑nže sakaltme |
1PL: | (sakaltmena) | (ona/ogə̑na sakaltme) |
2PL: | sakaltmə̑za | ida sakaltme |
3PL: | sakaltmə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sakaltme |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmə̑nem | ə̑nem sakaltme |
2SG: | sakaltmə̑net | ə̑net sakaltme |
3SG: | sakaltmə̑neže | ə̑než sakaltme |
1PL: | sakaltmə̑nena | ə̑nena sakaltme |
2PL: | sakaltmə̑neda | ə̑neda sakaltme |
3PL: | sakaltmə̑nešt | ə̑nešt sakaltme |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltmə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sakaltme ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sakaltme ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakaltmə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sakaltme ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sakaltme ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltmə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sakaltme ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltmə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sakaltme ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakaltmə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net sakaltme ulmaš |
3SG: | sakaltmə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než sakaltme ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | sakaltmə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sakaltme ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltmə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sakaltme ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | sakaltmaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | sakaltmə̑man |
Active participle: | sakaltmə̑še |
Passive participle: | sakaltmə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | sakaltmə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | sakaltmə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | sakaltmen |
Negative gerund: | sakaltmə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | sakaltmə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | sakaltmə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | sakaltmə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | sakaltmə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | sakaltmə̑də̑maš |