Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'em | om sandal'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'et | ot sandal'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'a | ok/ogeš sandal'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'ena | ona/ogə̑na sandal'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'eda | oda/ogə̑da sandal'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'at | ogə̑t sandal'e |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'ə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sandal'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'ə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sandal'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'ə̑š | ə̑š sandal'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'ə̑šna | ə̑šna sandal'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'ə̑šda | ə̑šda sandal'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'ə̑št | ə̑št sandal'e |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'enam | sandal'en omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sandal'enat | sandal'en otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sandal'en | sandal'en ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sandal'enna | sandal'en onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sandal'enda | sandal'en odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sandal'enə̑t | sandal'en ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'em ə̑l'e | om sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'et ə̑l'e | ot sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'a ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'ena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'eda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'at ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sandal'e ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'em ulmaš | om sandal'e ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sandal'et ulmaš | ot sandal'e ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandal'a ulmaš | ok/ogeš sandal'e ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sandal'ena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sandal'e ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sandal'eda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sandal'e ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandal'at ulmaš | ogə̑t sandal'e ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'enam ə̑l'e | sandal'en omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'enat ə̑l'e | sandal'en otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'en ə̑l'e | sandal'en ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'enna ə̑l'e | sandal'en onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'enda ə̑l'e | sandal'en odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'en ə̑l'e | sandal'en ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'enam ulmaš | sandal'en omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sandal'enat ulmaš | sandal'en otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandal'en ulmaš | sandal'en ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sandal'enna ulmaš | sandal'en onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sandal'enda ulmaš | sandal'en odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandal'en ulmaš | sandal'en ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sandal'e | it sandal'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'ə̑že | ə̑nže sandal'e |
| 1PL: | (sandal'ena) | (ona/ogə̑na sandal'e) |
| 2PL: | sandal'ə̑za | ida sandal'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'ə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sandal'e |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'ə̑nem | ə̑nem sandal'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'ə̑net | ə̑net sandal'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'ə̑neže | ə̑než sandal'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'ə̑nena | ə̑nena sandal'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'ə̑neda | ə̑neda sandal'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'ə̑nešt | ə̑nešt sandal'e |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandal'ə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandal'ə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandal'ə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandal'ə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandal'ə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sandal'e ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandal'ə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sandal'e ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sandal'ə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net sandal'e ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandal'ə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než sandal'e ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sandal'ə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sandal'e ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandal'ə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sandal'e ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sandal'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sandal'ə̑man |
| Active participle: | sandal'ə̑še |
| Passive participle: | sandal'ə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sandal'ə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | sandal'ə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sandal'en |
| Negative gerund: | sandal'ə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | sandal'ə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sandal'ə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sandal'ə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sandal'ə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | sandal'ə̑də̑maš |
