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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | spirt |
Genitive: | spirtə̑n |
Dative: | spirtlan |
Accusative: | spirtə̑m |
Comparative: | spirtla |
Comitative: | spirtge |
Inessive: | spirtə̑šte |
Illative: | spirtə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | spirteš |
1SG: | spirtem |
2SG: | spirtet |
3SG: | spirtše |
1PL: | spirtna |
2PL: | spirtda |
3PL: | spirtə̑št |
Plural (1): | spirt-βlak |
Plural (2): | spirt-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | spirtla |
Sociative Plural: | spirtmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | spirtem | spirt-βlak | spirt-βlakem, spirtem-βlak |
Genitive: | spirtemə̑n | spirt-βlakə̑n | spirt-βlakemə̑n, spirtem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | spirtemlan, spirtlanem | spirt-βlaklan | spirt-βlakemlan, spirtem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | spirtemə̑m | spirt-βlakə̑m | spirt-βlakemə̑m, spirtem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | spirtemla, spirtlam | spirt-βlakla | spirt-βlakemla, spirtem-βlakla |
Comitative: | spirtemge | spirt-βlakge | spirt-βlakemge, spirtem-βlakge |
Inessive: | spirtə̑štem | spirt-βlakə̑šte | spirt-βlakə̑štem, spirtem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | spirtə̑škem | spirt-βlakə̑š(ke) | spirt-βlakə̑škem, spirtem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | spirtešem | spirt-βlakeš | spirt-βlakešem, spirtem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |