Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkam | om sumka |
2SG: | sumkat | ot sumka |
3SG: | sumkaš | ok/ogeš sumka |
1PL: | sumkaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sumka |
2PL: | sumkaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sumka |
3PL: | sumkaə̑t | ogə̑t sumka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkaə̑m | šə̑m sumka |
2SG: | sumkaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sumka |
3SG: | sumkaje | ə̑š sumka |
1PL: | sumkana | ə̑šna sumka |
2PL: | sumkada | ə̑šda sumka |
3PL: | sumkaə̑č́ | ə̑št sumka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkaə̑nam | sumkaə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | sumkaə̑nat | sumkaə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | sumkaə̑n | sumkaə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | sumkaə̑nna | sumkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | sumkaə̑nda | sumkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | sumkaə̑nə̑t | sumkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkam ə̑l'e | om sumka ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sumkat ə̑l'e | ot sumka ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sumkaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sumka ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sumkaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sumka ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sumkaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sumka ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sumkaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sumka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkam ulmaš | om sumka ulmaš |
2SG: | sumkat ulmaš | ot sumka ulmaš |
3SG: | sumkaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sumka ulmaš |
1PL: | sumkaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sumka ulmaš |
2PL: | sumkaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sumka ulmaš |
3PL: | sumkaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sumka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkaə̑nam ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sumkaə̑nat ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sumkaə̑n ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sumkaə̑nna ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sumkaə̑nda ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sumkaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sumkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkaə̑nam ulmaš | sumkaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | sumkaə̑nat ulmaš | sumkaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | sumkaə̑n ulmaš | sumkaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | sumkaə̑nna ulmaš | sumkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | sumkaə̑nda ulmaš | sumkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | sumkaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sumkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sumka | it sumka |
3SG: | sumkaže | ə̑nže sumka |
1PL: | (sumkaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sumka) |
2PL: | sumkaza | ida sumka |
3PL: | sumkašt | ə̑nə̑št sumka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkanem | ə̑nem sumka |
2SG: | sumkanet | ə̑net sumka |
3SG: | sumkaneže | ə̑než sumka |
1PL: | sumkanena | ə̑nena sumka |
2PL: | sumkaneda | ə̑neda sumka |
3PL: | sumkanešt | ə̑nešt sumka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sumkanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sumka ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sumkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sumka ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sumkaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sumka ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sumkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sumka ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sumkaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sumka ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sumkanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sumka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sumkanet ulmaš | ə̑net sumka ulmaš |
3SG: | sumkaneže ulmaš | ə̑než sumka ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | sumkaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sumka ulmaš |
3PL: | sumkanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sumka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | sumkaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | sumkaman |
Active participle: | sumkaše |
Passive participle: | sumkame |
Future-necessitive participle: | sumkašaš |
Negative participle: | sumkadə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | sumkaə̑n |
Negative gerund: | sumkade |
Gerund of prior action: | sumkamek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | sumkameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | sumkašə̑la |
Nominalization: | sumkamaš |
Negative nominalization: | sumkadə̑maš |