Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgem | om surgo |
2SG: | surget | ot surgo |
3SG: | surga | ok/ogeʃ surgo |
1PL: | surgena | ona/ogəna surgo |
2PL: | surgeda | oda/ogəda surgo |
3PL: | surgat | ogət surgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgəʃəm | ʃəm surgo |
2SG: | surgəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ surgo |
3SG: | surgəʃ | əʃ surgo |
1PL: | surgəʃna | əʃna surgo |
2PL: | surgəʃda | əʃda surgo |
3PL: | surgəʃt | əʃt surgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgenam | surgen oməl |
2SG: | surgenat | surgen otəl |
3SG: | surgen | surgen ogəl |
1PL: | surgenːa | surgen onal/ogənal |
2PL: | surgenda | surgen odal/ogədal |
3PL: | surgenət | surgen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgem əʎe | om surgo əʎe |
2SG: | surget əʎe | ot surgo əʎe |
3SG: | surga əʎe | ok/ogeʃ surgo əʎe |
1PL: | surgena əʎe | ona/ogəna surgo əʎe |
2PL: | surgeda əʎe | oda/ogəda surgo əʎe |
3PL: | surgat əʎe | ogət surgo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgem ulmaʃ | om surgo ulmaʃ |
2SG: | surget ulmaʃ | ot surgo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | surga ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ surgo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | surgena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna surgo ulmaʃ |
2PL: | surgeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda surgo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | surgat ulmaʃ | ogət surgo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgenam əʎe | surgen oməl əʎe |
2SG: | surgenat əʎe | surgen otəl əʎe |
3SG: | surgen əʎe | surgen ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | surgenːa əʎe | surgen onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | surgenda əʎe | surgen odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | surgen əʎe | surgen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgenam ulmaʃ | surgen oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | surgenat ulmaʃ | surgen otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | surgen ulmaʃ | surgen ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | surgenːa ulmaʃ | surgen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | surgenda ulmaʃ | surgen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | surgen ulmaʃ | surgen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | surgo | it surgo |
3SG: | surgəʒo | ənʒe surgo |
1PL: | (surgena) | (ona/ogəna surgo) |
2PL: | surgəza | ida surgo |
3PL: | surgəʃt | ənəʃt surgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgənem | ənem surgo |
2SG: | surgənet | ənet surgo |
3SG: | surgəneʒe | əneʒ surgo |
1PL: | surgənena | ənena surgo |
2PL: | surgəneda | əneda surgo |
3PL: | surgəneʃt | əneʃt surgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | surgənem əʎe | ənem surgo əʎe |
2SG: | surgənena əʎe | ənet surgo əʎe |
3SG: | surgəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ surgo əʎe |
1PL: | surgənena əʎe | ənena surgo əʎe |
2PL: | surgəneda əʎe | əneda surgo əʎe |
3PL: | surgəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt surgo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | surgənet ulmaʃ | ənet surgo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | surgəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ surgo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | surgəneda ulmaʃ | əneda surgo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | surgəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt surgo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | surgaʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | surgəman |
Active participle: | surgəʃo |
Passive participle: | surgəmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | surgəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | surgədəmo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | surgen |
Negative gerund: | surgəde |
Gerund of prior action: | surgəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | surgəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | surgəʃəla |
Nominalization: | surgəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | surgədəmaʃ |