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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | toj |
Genitive: | tojə̑n |
Dative: | tojlan |
Accusative: | tojə̑m |
Comparative: | tojla |
Comitative: | tojge |
Inessive: | tojə̑što |
Illative: | tojə̑š(ko) |
Lative: | toješ |
1SG: | tojem |
2SG: | tojet |
3SG: | tojžo |
1PL: | tojna |
2PL: | tojda |
3PL: | tojə̑št |
Plural (1): | toj-βlak |
Plural (2): | toj-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | tojla |
Sociative Plural: | tojmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tojem | toj-βlak | toj-βlakem, tojem-βlak |
Genitive: | tojemə̑n | toj-βlakə̑n | toj-βlakemə̑n, tojem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | tojemlan, tojlanem | toj-βlaklan | toj-βlakemlan, tojem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tojemə̑m | toj-βlakə̑m | toj-βlakemə̑m, tojem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | tojemla, tojlam | toj-βlakla | toj-βlakemla, tojem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tojemge | toj-βlakge | toj-βlakemge, tojem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tojə̑štem | toj-βlakə̑šte | toj-βlakə̑štem, tojem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | tojə̑škem | toj-βlakə̑š(ke) | toj-βlakə̑škem, tojem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | toješem | toj-βlakeš | toj-βlakešem, tojem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |