Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toram | om tora |
| 2SG: | torat | ot tora |
| 3SG: | toraš | ok/ogeš tora |
| 1PL: | toraə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tora |
| 2PL: | toraə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tora |
| 3PL: | toraə̑t | ogə̑t tora |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraə̑m | šə̑m tora |
| 2SG: | toraə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tora |
| 3SG: | toraje | ə̑š tora |
| 1PL: | torana | ə̑šna tora |
| 2PL: | torada | ə̑šda tora |
| 3PL: | toraə̑č́ | ə̑št tora |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraə̑nam | toraə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toraə̑nat | toraə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toraə̑n | toraə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toraə̑nna | toraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toraə̑nda | toraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toraə̑nə̑t | toraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toram ə̑l'e | om tora ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torat ə̑l'e | ot tora ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toraš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tora ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toraə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tora ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toraə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tora ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toraə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tora ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toram ulmaš | om tora ulmaš |
| 2SG: | torat ulmaš | ot tora ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toraš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tora ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toraə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tora ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toraə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tora ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toraə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tora ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraə̑nam ə̑l'e | toraə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toraə̑nat ə̑l'e | toraə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toraə̑n ə̑l'e | toraə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toraə̑nna ə̑l'e | toraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toraə̑nda ə̑l'e | toraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toraə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | toraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraə̑nam ulmaš | toraə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toraə̑nat ulmaš | toraə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toraə̑n ulmaš | toraə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toraə̑nna ulmaš | toraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toraə̑nda ulmaš | toraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toraə̑nə̑t ulmaš | toraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tora | it tora |
| 3SG: | toraže | ə̑nže tora |
| 1PL: | (toraə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tora) |
| 2PL: | toraza | ida tora |
| 3PL: | torašt | ə̑nə̑št tora |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toranem | ə̑nem tora |
| 2SG: | toranet | ə̑net tora |
| 3SG: | toraneže | ə̑než tora |
| 1PL: | toranena | ə̑nena tora |
| 2PL: | toraneda | ə̑neda tora |
| 3PL: | toranešt | ə̑nešt tora |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toranem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tora ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toranena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tora ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toraneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tora ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toranena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tora ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toraneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tora ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toranešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tora ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toranet ulmaš | ə̑net tora ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toraneže ulmaš | ə̑než tora ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toraneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tora ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toranešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tora ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toraman |
| Active participle: | toraše |
| Passive participle: | torame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | torašaš |
| Negative participle: | toradə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toraə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | torade |
| Gerund of prior action: | toramek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | torameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | torašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toramaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toradə̑maš |
