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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tora |
Genitive: | toran |
Dative: | toralan |
Accusative: | toram |
Comparative: | torala |
Comitative: | torage |
Inessive: | toraʃte |
Illative: | toraʃ(ke) |
Lative: | toraʃ |
1SG: | toram |
2SG: | torat |
3SG: | toraʒ(e) |
1PL: | torana |
2PL: | torada |
3PL: | toraʃt |
Plural (1): | tora-βlak |
Plural (2): | tora-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | torala |
Sociative Plural: | toramət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | toram | tora-βlak | tora-βlakem, toram-βlak |
Genitive: | toramən | tora-βlakən | tora-βlakemən, toram-βlakən |
Dative: | toramlan, toralanem | tora-βlaklan | tora-βlakemlan, toram-βlaklan |
Accusative: | toraməm | tora-βlakəm | tora-βlakeməm, toram-βlakəm |
Comparative: | toramla, toralam | tora-βlakla | tora-βlakemla, toram-βlakla |
Comitative: | toramge | tora-βlakge | tora-βlakemge, toram-βlakge |
Inessive: | toraʃtem | tora-βlakəʃte | tora-βlakəʃtem, toram-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | toraʃkem | tora-βlakəʃ(ke) | tora-βlakəʃkem, toram-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | toraʃem | tora-βlakeʃ | tora-βlakeʃem, toram-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |