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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tošan |
Genitive: | tošanə̑n |
Dative: | tošanlan |
Accusative: | tošanə̑m |
Comparative: | tošanla |
Comitative: | tošange |
Inessive: | tošanə̑šte |
Illative: | tošanə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | tošaneš |
1SG: | tošanem |
2SG: | tošanet |
3SG: | tošanže |
1PL: | tošanna |
2PL: | tošanda |
3PL: | tošanə̑št |
Plural (1): | tošan-βlak |
Plural (2): | tošan-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | tošanla |
Sociative Plural: | tošanmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tošanem | tošan-βlak | tošan-βlakem, tošanem-βlak |
Genitive: | tošanemə̑n | tošan-βlakə̑n | tošan-βlakemə̑n, tošanem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | tošanemlan, tošanlanem | tošan-βlaklan | tošan-βlakemlan, tošanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tošanemə̑m | tošan-βlakə̑m | tošan-βlakemə̑m, tošanem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | tošanemla, tošanlam | tošan-βlakla | tošan-βlakemla, tošanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tošanemge | tošan-βlakge | tošan-βlakemge, tošanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tošanə̑štem | tošan-βlakə̑šte | tošan-βlakə̑štem, tošanem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | tošanə̑škem | tošan-βlakə̑š(ke) | tošan-βlakə̑škem, tošanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | tošanešem | tošan-βlakeš | tošan-βlakešem, tošanem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |