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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | toŋgat |
Genitive: | toŋgatən |
Dative: | toŋgatlan |
Accusative: | toŋgatəm |
Comparative: | toŋgatla |
Comitative: | toŋgatge |
Inessive: | toŋgatəʃte |
Illative: | toŋgatəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | toŋgateʃ |
1SG: | toŋgatem |
2SG: | toŋgatet |
3SG: | toŋgatʃe |
1PL: | toŋgatna |
2PL: | toŋgatda |
3PL: | toŋgatəʃt |
Plural (1): | toŋgat-βlak |
Plural (2): | toŋgat-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | toŋgatla |
Sociative Plural: | toŋgatmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | toŋgatem | toŋgat-βlak | toŋgat-βlakem, toŋgatem-βlak |
Genitive: | toŋgatemən | toŋgat-βlakən | toŋgat-βlakemən, toŋgatem-βlakən |
Dative: | toŋgatemlan, toŋgatlanem | toŋgat-βlaklan | toŋgat-βlakemlan, toŋgatem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | toŋgateməm | toŋgat-βlakəm | toŋgat-βlakeməm, toŋgatem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | toŋgatemla, toŋgatlam | toŋgat-βlakla | toŋgat-βlakemla, toŋgatem-βlakla |
Comitative: | toŋgatemge | toŋgat-βlakge | toŋgat-βlakemge, toŋgatem-βlakge |
Inessive: | toŋgatəʃtem | toŋgat-βlakəʃte | toŋgat-βlakəʃtem, toŋgatem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | toŋgatəʃkem | toŋgat-βlakəʃ(ke) | toŋgat-βlakəʃkem, toŋgatem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | toŋgateʃem | toŋgat-βlakeʃ | toŋgat-βlakeʃem, toŋgatem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |