Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudam | om trud |
2SG: | trudat | ot trud |
3SG: | trudeš | ok/ogeš trud |
1PL: | trudə̑na | ona/ogə̑na trud |
2PL: | trudə̑da | oda/ogə̑da trud |
3PL: | trudə̑t | ogə̑t trud |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudə̑m | šə̑m trud |
2SG: | trudə̑č́ | šə̑č́ trud |
3SG: | trudo | ə̑š trud |
1PL: | trudna | ə̑šna trud |
2PL: | trudda | ə̑šda trud |
3PL: | trudə̑č́ | ə̑št trud |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudə̑nam | trudə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | trudə̑nat | trudə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | trudə̑n | trudə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | trudə̑nna | trudə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | trudə̑nda | trudə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | trudə̑nə̑t | trudə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudam ə̑l'e | om trud ə̑l'e |
2SG: | trudat ə̑l'e | ot trud ə̑l'e |
3SG: | trudeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš trud ə̑l'e |
1PL: | trudə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na trud ə̑l'e |
2PL: | trudə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da trud ə̑l'e |
3PL: | trudə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t trud ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudam ulmaš | om trud ulmaš |
2SG: | trudat ulmaš | ot trud ulmaš |
3SG: | trudeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš trud ulmaš |
1PL: | trudə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na trud ulmaš |
2PL: | trudə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da trud ulmaš |
3PL: | trudə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t trud ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudə̑nam ə̑l'e | trudə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | trudə̑nat ə̑l'e | trudə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | trudə̑n ə̑l'e | trudə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | trudə̑nna ə̑l'e | trudə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | trudə̑nda ə̑l'e | trudə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | trudə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | trudə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudə̑nam ulmaš | trudə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | trudə̑nat ulmaš | trudə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | trudə̑n ulmaš | trudə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | trudə̑nna ulmaš | trudə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | trudə̑nda ulmaš | trudə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | trudə̑nə̑t ulmaš | trudə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | trud | it trud |
3SG: | trudšo | ə̑nže trud |
1PL: | (trudə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na trud) |
2PL: | trudsa | ida trud |
3PL: | trudə̑št | ə̑nə̑št trud |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudnem | ə̑nem trud |
2SG: | trudnet | ə̑net trud |
3SG: | trudneže | ə̑než trud |
1PL: | trudnena | ə̑nena trud |
2PL: | trudneda | ə̑neda trud |
3PL: | trudnešt | ə̑nešt trud |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | trudnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem trud ə̑l'e |
2SG: | trudnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net trud ə̑l'e |
3SG: | trudneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než trud ə̑l'e |
1PL: | trudnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena trud ə̑l'e |
2PL: | trudneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda trud ə̑l'e |
3PL: | trudnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt trud ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | trudnet ulmaš | ə̑net trud ulmaš |
3SG: | trudneže ulmaš | ə̑než trud ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | trudneda ulmaš | ə̑neda trud ulmaš |
3PL: | trudnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt trud ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | trudaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | trudman |
Active participle: | trudšo |
Passive participle: | trudmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | trudšaš |
Negative participle: | truddə̑mo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | trudə̑n |
Negative gerund: | trudde |
Gerund of prior action: | trudmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | trudmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | trudšə̑la |
Nominalization: | trudmaš |
Negative nominalization: | truddə̑maš |