Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtem | om turto |
2SG: | turtet | ot turto |
3SG: | turta | ok/ogeʃ turto |
1PL: | turtena | ona/ogəna turto |
2PL: | turteda | oda/ogəda turto |
3PL: | turtat | ogət turto |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtəʃəm | ʃəm turto |
2SG: | turtəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ turto |
3SG: | turtəʃ | əʃ turto |
1PL: | turtəʃna | əʃna turto |
2PL: | turtəʃda | əʃda turto |
3PL: | turtəʃt | əʃt turto |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtenam | turten oməl |
2SG: | turtenat | turten otəl |
3SG: | turten | turten ogəl |
1PL: | turtenːa | turten onal/ogənal |
2PL: | turtenda | turten odal/ogədal |
3PL: | turtenət | turten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtem əʎe | om turto əʎe |
2SG: | turtet əʎe | ot turto əʎe |
3SG: | turta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ turto əʎe |
1PL: | turtena əʎe | ona/ogəna turto əʎe |
2PL: | turteda əʎe | oda/ogəda turto əʎe |
3PL: | turtat əʎe | ogət turto əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtem ulmaʃ | om turto ulmaʃ |
2SG: | turtet ulmaʃ | ot turto ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ turto ulmaʃ |
1PL: | turtena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna turto ulmaʃ |
2PL: | turteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda turto ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turtat ulmaʃ | ogət turto ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtenam əʎe | turten oməl əʎe |
2SG: | turtenat əʎe | turten otəl əʎe |
3SG: | turten əʎe | turten ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | turtenːa əʎe | turten onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | turtenda əʎe | turten odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | turten əʎe | turten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtenam ulmaʃ | turten oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | turtenat ulmaʃ | turten otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turten ulmaʃ | turten ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | turtenːa ulmaʃ | turten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | turtenda ulmaʃ | turten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turten ulmaʃ | turten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | turto | it turto |
3SG: | turtəʒo | ənʒe turto |
1PL: | (turtena) | (ona/ogəna turto) |
2PL: | turtəza | ida turto |
3PL: | turtəʃt | ənəʃt turto |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtənem | ənem turto |
2SG: | turtənet | ənet turto |
3SG: | turtəneʒe | əneʒ turto |
1PL: | turtənena | ənena turto |
2PL: | turtəneda | əneda turto |
3PL: | turtəneʃt | əneʃt turto |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtənem əʎe | ənem turto əʎe |
2SG: | turtənena əʎe | ənet turto əʎe |
3SG: | turtəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ turto əʎe |
1PL: | turtənena əʎe | ənena turto əʎe |
2PL: | turtəneda əʎe | əneda turto əʎe |
3PL: | turtəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt turto əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | turtənet ulmaʃ | ənet turto ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turtəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ turto ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | turtəneda ulmaʃ | əneda turto ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turtəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt turto ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | turtaʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | turtəman |
Active participle: | turtəʃo |
Passive participle: | turtəmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | turtəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | turtədəmo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | turten |
Negative gerund: | turtəde |
Gerund of prior action: | turtəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | turtəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | turtəʃəla |
Nominalization: | turtəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | turtədəmaʃ |