Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmem | om turtmo |
2SG: | turtmet | ot turtmo |
3SG: | turtma | ok/ogeʃ turtmo |
1PL: | turtmena | ona/ogəna turtmo |
2PL: | turtmeda | oda/ogəda turtmo |
3PL: | turtmat | ogət turtmo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtməʃəm | ʃəm turtmo |
2SG: | turtməʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ turtmo |
3SG: | turtməʃ | əʃ turtmo |
1PL: | turtməʃna | əʃna turtmo |
2PL: | turtməʃda | əʃda turtmo |
3PL: | turtməʃt | əʃt turtmo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmenam | turtmen oməl |
2SG: | turtmenat | turtmen otəl |
3SG: | turtmen | turtmen ogəl |
1PL: | turtmenːa | turtmen onal/ogənal |
2PL: | turtmenda | turtmen odal/ogədal |
3PL: | turtmenət | turtmen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmem əʎe | om turtmo əʎe |
2SG: | turtmet əʎe | ot turtmo əʎe |
3SG: | turtma əʎe | ok/ogeʃ turtmo əʎe |
1PL: | turtmena əʎe | ona/ogəna turtmo əʎe |
2PL: | turtmeda əʎe | oda/ogəda turtmo əʎe |
3PL: | turtmat əʎe | ogət turtmo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmem ulmaʃ | om turtmo ulmaʃ |
2SG: | turtmet ulmaʃ | ot turtmo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turtma ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ turtmo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | turtmena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna turtmo ulmaʃ |
2PL: | turtmeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda turtmo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turtmat ulmaʃ | ogət turtmo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmenam əʎe | turtmen oməl əʎe |
2SG: | turtmenat əʎe | turtmen otəl əʎe |
3SG: | turtmen əʎe | turtmen ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | turtmenːa əʎe | turtmen onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | turtmenda əʎe | turtmen odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | turtmen əʎe | turtmen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmenam ulmaʃ | turtmen oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | turtmenat ulmaʃ | turtmen otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turtmen ulmaʃ | turtmen ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | turtmenːa ulmaʃ | turtmen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | turtmenda ulmaʃ | turtmen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turtmen ulmaʃ | turtmen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | turtmo | it turtmo |
3SG: | turtməʒo | ənʒe turtmo |
1PL: | (turtmena) | (ona/ogəna turtmo) |
2PL: | turtməza | ida turtmo |
3PL: | turtməʃt | ənəʃt turtmo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmənem | ənem turtmo |
2SG: | turtmənet | ənet turtmo |
3SG: | turtməneʒe | əneʒ turtmo |
1PL: | turtmənena | ənena turtmo |
2PL: | turtməneda | əneda turtmo |
3PL: | turtməneʃt | əneʃt turtmo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | turtmənem əʎe | ənem turtmo əʎe |
2SG: | turtmənena əʎe | ənet turtmo əʎe |
3SG: | turtməneʒe əʎe | əneʒ turtmo əʎe |
1PL: | turtmənena əʎe | ənena turtmo əʎe |
2PL: | turtməneda əʎe | əneda turtmo əʎe |
3PL: | turtməneʃt əʎe | əneʃt turtmo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | turtmənet ulmaʃ | ənet turtmo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | turtməneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ turtmo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | turtməneda ulmaʃ | əneda turtmo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | turtməneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt turtmo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | turtmaʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | turtməman |
Active participle: | turtməʃo |
Passive participle: | turtməmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | turtməʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | turtmədəmo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | turtmen |
Negative gerund: | turtməde |
Gerund of prior action: | turtməmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | turtməmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | turtməʃəla |
Nominalization: | turtməmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | turtmədəmaʃ |