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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tuməʃ |
Genitive: | tuməʃən |
Dative: | tuməʃlan |
Accusative: | tuməʃəm |
Comparative: | tuməʃla |
Comitative: | tuməʃge |
Inessive: | tuməʃto, tuməʃəʃto |
Illative: | tuməʃko, tuməʃəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | tuməʃeʃ |
1SG: | tuməʃem |
2SG: | tuməʃet |
3SG: | tuməʃːo, tuməʃəʒ(o) |
1PL: | tuməʃna |
2PL: | tuməʃda |
3PL: | tuməʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | tuməʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | tuməʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | tuməʃla |
Sociative Plural: | tuməʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tuməʃem | tuməʃ-βlak | tuməʃ-βlakem, tuməʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | tuməʃemən | tuməʃ-βlakən | tuməʃ-βlakemən, tuməʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | tuməʃemlan, tuməʃlanem | tuməʃ-βlaklan | tuməʃ-βlakemlan, tuməʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tuməʃeməm | tuməʃ-βlakəm | tuməʃ-βlakeməm, tuməʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | tuməʃemla, tuməʃlam | tuməʃ-βlakla | tuməʃ-βlakemla, tuməʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tuməʃemge | tuməʃ-βlakge | tuməʃ-βlakemge, tuməʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tuməʃtem, tuməʃəʃtem | tuməʃ-βlakəʃte | tuməʃ-βlakəʃtem, tuməʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | tuməʃkem, tuməʃəʃkem | tuməʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuməʃ-βlakəʃkem, tuməʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | tuməʃeʃem | tuməʃ-βlakeʃ | tuməʃ-βlakeʃem, tuməʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |