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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | č́ap |
Genitive: | č́apə̑n |
Dative: | č́aplan |
Accusative: | č́apə̑m |
Comparative: | č́apla |
Comitative: | č́apge |
Inessive: | č́apə̑šte |
Illative: | č́apə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | č́apeš |
1SG: | č́apem |
2SG: | č́apet |
3SG: | č́apše |
1PL: | č́apna |
2PL: | č́apda |
3PL: | č́apə̑št |
Plural (1): | č́ap-βlak |
Plural (2): | č́ap-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | č́apla |
Sociative Plural: | č́apmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | č́apem | č́ap-βlak | č́ap-βlakem, č́apem-βlak |
Genitive: | č́apemə̑n | č́ap-βlakə̑n | č́ap-βlakemə̑n, č́apem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | č́apemlan, č́aplanem | č́ap-βlaklan | č́ap-βlakemlan, č́apem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | č́apemə̑m | č́ap-βlakə̑m | č́ap-βlakemə̑m, č́apem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | č́apemla, č́aplam | č́ap-βlakla | č́ap-βlakemla, č́apem-βlakla |
Comitative: | č́apemge | č́ap-βlakge | č́ap-βlakemge, č́apem-βlakge |
Inessive: | č́apə̑štem | č́ap-βlakə̑šte | č́ap-βlakə̑štem, č́apem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | č́apə̑škem | č́ap-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́ap-βlakə̑škem, č́apem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | č́apešem | č́ap-βlakeš | č́ap-βlakešem, č́apem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |