Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βem | om č́ə̑βe |
2SG: | č́ə̑βet | ot č́ə̑βe |
3SG: | č́ə̑βa | ok/ogeš č́ə̑βe |
1PL: | č́ə̑βena | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑βe |
2PL: | č́ə̑βeda | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑βe |
3PL: | č́ə̑βat | ogə̑t č́ə̑βe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βə̑šə̑m | šə̑m č́ə̑βe |
2SG: | č́ə̑βə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́ə̑βe |
3SG: | č́ə̑βə̑š | ə̑š č́ə̑βe |
1PL: | č́ə̑βə̑šna | ə̑šna č́ə̑βe |
2PL: | č́ə̑βə̑šda | ə̑šda č́ə̑βe |
3PL: | č́ə̑βə̑št | ə̑št č́ə̑βe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βenam | č́ə̑βen omə̑l |
2SG: | č́ə̑βenat | č́ə̑βen otə̑l |
3SG: | č́ə̑βen | č́ə̑βen ogə̑l |
1PL: | č́ə̑βenna | č́ə̑βen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | č́ə̑βenda | č́ə̑βen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | č́ə̑βenə̑t | č́ə̑βen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βem ə̑l'e | om č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
2SG: | č́ə̑βet ə̑l'e | ot č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
3SG: | č́ə̑βa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
1PL: | č́ə̑βena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
2PL: | č́ə̑βeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
3PL: | č́ə̑βat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βem ulmaš | om č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
2SG: | č́ə̑βet ulmaš | ot č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
3SG: | č́ə̑βa ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
1PL: | č́ə̑βena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
2PL: | č́ə̑βeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
3PL: | č́ə̑βat ulmaš | ogə̑t č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βenam ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | č́ə̑βenat ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | č́ə̑βen ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | č́ə̑βenna ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | č́ə̑βenda ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | č́ə̑βen ə̑l'e | č́ə̑βen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βenam ulmaš | č́ə̑βen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | č́ə̑βenat ulmaš | č́ə̑βen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | č́ə̑βen ulmaš | č́ə̑βen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | č́ə̑βenna ulmaš | č́ə̑βen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | č́ə̑βenda ulmaš | č́ə̑βen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | č́ə̑βen ulmaš | č́ə̑βen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | č́ə̑βe | it č́ə̑βe |
3SG: | č́ə̑βə̑že | ə̑nže č́ə̑βe |
1PL: | (č́ə̑βena) | (ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑βe) |
2PL: | č́ə̑βə̑za | ida č́ə̑βe |
3PL: | č́ə̑βə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́ə̑βe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βə̑nem | ə̑nem č́ə̑βe |
2SG: | č́ə̑βə̑net | ə̑net č́ə̑βe |
3SG: | č́ə̑βə̑neže | ə̑než č́ə̑βe |
1PL: | č́ə̑βə̑nena | ə̑nena č́ə̑βe |
2PL: | č́ə̑βə̑neda | ə̑neda č́ə̑βe |
3PL: | č́ə̑βə̑nešt | ə̑nešt č́ə̑βe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | č́ə̑βə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
2SG: | č́ə̑βə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
3SG: | č́ə̑βə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
1PL: | č́ə̑βə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
2PL: | č́ə̑βə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
3PL: | č́ə̑βə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́ə̑βe ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | č́ə̑βə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
3SG: | č́ə̑βə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | č́ə̑βə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
3PL: | č́ə̑βə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́ə̑βe ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | č́ə̑βaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | č́ə̑βə̑man |
Active participle: | č́ə̑βə̑še |
Passive participle: | č́ə̑βə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | č́ə̑βə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | č́ə̑βə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́ə̑βen |
Negative gerund: | č́ə̑βə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | č́ə̑βə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | č́ə̑βə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́ə̑βə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | č́ə̑βə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | č́ə̑βə̑də̑maš |