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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ʃakal |
Genitive: | ʃakalən |
Dative: | ʃakalːan |
Accusative: | ʃakaləm |
Comparative: | ʃakalːa |
Comitative: | ʃakalge |
Inessive: | ʃakaləʃte |
Illative: | ʃakaləʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃakaleʃ |
1SG: | ʃakalem |
2SG: | ʃakalet |
3SG: | ʃakalʒe |
1PL: | ʃakalna |
2PL: | ʃakalda |
3PL: | ʃakaləʃt |
Plural (1): | ʃakal-βlak |
Plural (2): | ʃakal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ʃakalːa |
Sociative Plural: | ʃakalmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ʃakalem | ʃakal-βlak | ʃakal-βlakem, ʃakalem-βlak |
Genitive: | ʃakalemən | ʃakal-βlakən | ʃakal-βlakemən, ʃakalem-βlakən |
Dative: | ʃakalemlan, ʃakalːanem | ʃakal-βlaklan | ʃakal-βlakemlan, ʃakalem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ʃakaleməm | ʃakal-βlakəm | ʃakal-βlakeməm, ʃakalem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ʃakalemla, ʃakalːam | ʃakal-βlakla | ʃakal-βlakemla, ʃakalem-βlakla |
Comitative: | ʃakalemge | ʃakal-βlakge | ʃakal-βlakemge, ʃakalem-βlakge |
Inessive: | ʃakaləʃtem | ʃakal-βlakəʃte | ʃakal-βlakəʃtem, ʃakalem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ʃakaləʃkem | ʃakal-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃakal-βlakəʃkem, ʃakalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃakaleʃem | ʃakal-βlakeʃ | ʃakal-βlakeʃem, ʃakalem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |