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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ʃipka |
Genitive: | ʃipkan |
Dative: | ʃipkalan |
Accusative: | ʃipkam |
Comparative: | ʃipkala |
Comitative: | ʃipkage |
Inessive: | ʃipkaʃte |
Illative: | ʃipkaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃipkaʃ |
1SG: | ʃipkam |
2SG: | ʃipkat |
3SG: | ʃipkaʒ(e) |
1PL: | ʃipkana |
2PL: | ʃipkada |
3PL: | ʃipkaʃt |
Plural (1): | ʃipka-βlak |
Plural (2): | ʃipka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ʃipkala |
Sociative Plural: | ʃipkamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ʃipkam | ʃipka-βlak | ʃipka-βlakem, ʃipkam-βlak |
Genitive: | ʃipkamən | ʃipka-βlakən | ʃipka-βlakemən, ʃipkam-βlakən |
Dative: | ʃipkamlan, ʃipkalanem | ʃipka-βlaklan | ʃipka-βlakemlan, ʃipkam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ʃipkaməm | ʃipka-βlakəm | ʃipka-βlakeməm, ʃipkam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ʃipkamla, ʃipkalam | ʃipka-βlakla | ʃipka-βlakemla, ʃipkam-βlakla |
Comitative: | ʃipkamge | ʃipka-βlakge | ʃipka-βlakemge, ʃipkam-βlakge |
Inessive: | ʃipkaʃtem | ʃipka-βlakəʃte | ʃipka-βlakəʃtem, ʃipkam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ʃipkaʃkem | ʃipka-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃipka-βlakəʃkem, ʃipkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃipkaʃem | ʃipka-βlakeʃ | ʃipka-βlakeʃem, ʃipkam-βlakeʃ |
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