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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ʃopna |
Genitive: | ʃopnan |
Dative: | ʃopnalan |
Accusative: | ʃopnam |
Comparative: | ʃopnala |
Comitative: | ʃopnage |
Inessive: | ʃopnaʃte |
Illative: | ʃopnaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃopnaʃ |
1SG: | ʃopnam |
2SG: | ʃopnat |
3SG: | ʃopnaʒ(e) |
1PL: | ʃopnana |
2PL: | ʃopnada |
3PL: | ʃopnaʃt |
Plural (1): | ʃopna-βlak |
Plural (2): | ʃopna-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ʃopnala |
Sociative Plural: | ʃopnamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ʃopnam | ʃopna-βlak | ʃopna-βlakem, ʃopnam-βlak |
Genitive: | ʃopnamən | ʃopna-βlakən | ʃopna-βlakemən, ʃopnam-βlakən |
Dative: | ʃopnamlan, ʃopnalanem | ʃopna-βlaklan | ʃopna-βlakemlan, ʃopnam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ʃopnaməm | ʃopna-βlakəm | ʃopna-βlakeməm, ʃopnam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ʃopnamla, ʃopnalam | ʃopna-βlakla | ʃopna-βlakemla, ʃopnam-βlakla |
Comitative: | ʃopnamge | ʃopna-βlakge | ʃopna-βlakemge, ʃopnam-βlakge |
Inessive: | ʃopnaʃtem | ʃopna-βlakəʃte | ʃopna-βlakəʃtem, ʃopnam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ʃopnaʃkem | ʃopna-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃopna-βlakəʃkem, ʃopnam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃopnaʃem | ʃopna-βlakeʃ | ʃopna-βlakeʃem, ʃopnam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |