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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ʃpal |
Genitive: | ʃpalən |
Dative: | ʃpalːan |
Accusative: | ʃpaləm |
Comparative: | ʃpalːa |
Comitative: | ʃpalge |
Inessive: | ʃpaləʃte |
Illative: | ʃpaləʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃpaleʃ |
1SG: | ʃpalem |
2SG: | ʃpalet |
3SG: | ʃpalʒe |
1PL: | ʃpalna |
2PL: | ʃpalda |
3PL: | ʃpaləʃt |
Plural (1): | ʃpal-βlak |
Plural (2): | ʃpal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ʃpalːa |
Sociative Plural: | ʃpalmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ʃpalem | ʃpal-βlak | ʃpal-βlakem, ʃpalem-βlak |
Genitive: | ʃpalemən | ʃpal-βlakən | ʃpal-βlakemən, ʃpalem-βlakən |
Dative: | ʃpalemlan, ʃpalːanem | ʃpal-βlaklan | ʃpal-βlakemlan, ʃpalem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ʃpaleməm | ʃpal-βlakəm | ʃpal-βlakeməm, ʃpalem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ʃpalemla, ʃpalːam | ʃpal-βlakla | ʃpal-βlakemla, ʃpalem-βlakla |
Comitative: | ʃpalemge | ʃpal-βlakge | ʃpal-βlakemge, ʃpalem-βlakge |
Inessive: | ʃpaləʃtem | ʃpal-βlakəʃte | ʃpal-βlakəʃtem, ʃpalem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ʃpaləʃkem | ʃpal-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃpal-βlakəʃkem, ʃpalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃpaleʃem | ʃpal-βlakeʃ | ʃpal-βlakeʃem, ʃpalem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |