Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ○ Nominal ● Verb ○ Postposition
Conjugation class: ● Determine from input ○ First ○ Second
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.


Indicative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunemom šχuno
2SG:šχunetot šχuno
3SG:šχunaok/ogeš šχuno
1PL:šχunenaona/ogə̑na šχuno
2PL:šχunedaoda/ogə̑da šχuno
3PL:šχunatogə̑t šχuno

Indicative Simple Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunə̑šə̑mšə̑m šχuno
2SG:šχunə̑šə̑č́šə̑č́ šχuno
3SG:šχunə̑šə̑š šχuno
1PL:šχunə̑šnaə̑šna šχuno
2PL:šχunə̑šdaə̑šda šχuno
3PL:šχunə̑štə̑št šχuno

Indicative Simple Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunenamšχunen omə̑l
2SG:šχunenatšχunen otə̑l
3SG:šχunenšχunen ogə̑l
1PL:šχunennašχunen onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:šχunendašχunen odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:šχunenə̑tšχunen ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunem ə̑l'eom šχuno ə̑l'e
2SG:šχunet ə̑l'eot šχuno ə̑l'e
3SG:šχuna ə̑l'eok/ogeš šχuno ə̑l'e
1PL:šχunena ə̑l'eona/ogə̑na šχuno ə̑l'e
2PL:šχuneda ə̑l'eoda/ogə̑da šχuno ə̑l'e
3PL:šχunat ə̑l'eogə̑t šχuno ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunem ulmašom šχuno ulmaš
2SG:šχunet ulmašot šχuno ulmaš
3SG:šχuna ulmašok/ogeš šχuno ulmaš
1PL:šχunena ulmašona/ogə̑na šχuno ulmaš
2PL:šχuneda ulmašoda/ogə̑da šχuno ulmaš
3PL:šχunat ulmašogə̑t šχuno ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunenam ə̑l'ešχunen omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:šχunenat ə̑l'ešχunen otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:šχunen ə̑l'ešχunen ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:šχunenna ə̑l'ešχunen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:šχunenda ə̑l'ešχunen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:šχunen ə̑l'ešχunen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunenam ulmaššχunen omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:šχunenat ulmaššχunen otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:šχunen ulmaššχunen ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:šχunenna ulmaššχunen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:šχunenda ulmaššχunen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:šχunen ulmaššχunen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:šχunoit šχuno
3SG:šχunə̑žoə̑nže šχuno
1PL:(šχunena)(ona/ogə̑na šχuno)
2PL:šχunə̑zaida šχuno
3PL:šχunə̑štə̑nə̑št šχuno

Desiderative Present

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunə̑nemə̑nem šχuno
2SG:šχunə̑netə̑net šχuno
3SG:šχunə̑nežeə̑než šχuno
1PL:šχunə̑nenaə̑nena šχuno
2PL:šχunə̑nedaə̑neda šχuno
3PL:šχunə̑neštə̑nešt šχuno

Desiderative Past I

PositiveNegative
1SG:šχunə̑nem ə̑l'eə̑nem šχuno ə̑l'e
2SG:šχunə̑nena ə̑l'eə̑net šχuno ə̑l'e
3SG:šχunə̑neže ə̑l'eə̑než šχuno ə̑l'e
1PL:šχunə̑nena ə̑l'eə̑nena šχuno ə̑l'e
2PL:šχunə̑neda ə̑l'eə̑neda šχuno ə̑l'e
3PL:šχunə̑nešt ə̑l'eə̑nešt šχuno ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

PositiveNegative
1SG://
2SG:šχunə̑net ulmašə̑net šχuno ulmaš
3SG:šχunə̑neže ulmašə̑než šχuno ulmaš
1PL://
2PL:šχunə̑neda ulmašə̑neda šχuno ulmaš
3PL:šχunə̑nešt ulmašə̑nešt šχuno ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:šχunaš
Necessitive infinitive:šχunə̑man
Active participle:šχunə̑šo
Passive participle:šχunə̑mo
Future-necessitive participle:šχunə̑šaš
Negative participle:šχunə̑də̑mo
Affirmative instructive gerund:šχunen
Negative gerund:šχunə̑de
Gerund of prior action:šχunə̑mek(e)
Gerund of future action:šχunə̑meš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:šχunə̑šə̑la
Nominalization:šχunə̑maš
Negative nominalization:šχunə̑də̑maš


Last update: 8 June 2024