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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | esaplaʃ (-jem) |
Genitive: | esaplaʃ (-jem)ən |
Dative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)lan |
Accusative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əm |
Comparative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)la |
Comitative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)ge |
Inessive: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əʃte |
Illative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əʃ(ke) |
Lative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jeʃ |
1SG: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jem |
2SG: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jet |
3SG: | esaplaʃ (-jem)ʒe |
1PL: | esaplaʃ (-jem)na |
2PL: | esaplaʃ (-jem)da |
3PL: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əʃt |
Plural (1): | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlak |
Plural (2): | esaplaʃ (-jem)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | esaplaʃ (-jem)la |
Sociative Plural: | esaplaʃ (-jem)mət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jem | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlak | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakem, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlak |
Genitive: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jemən | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakən | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakemən, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakən |
Dative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jemlan, esaplaʃ (-jem)lanem | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlaklan | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakemlan, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jeməm | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakəm | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakeməm, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jemla, esaplaʃ (-jem)lam | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakla | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakemla, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakla |
Comitative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jemge | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakge | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakemge, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakge |
Inessive: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əʃtem | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃte | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃtem, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)əʃkem | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃ(ke) | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃkem, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | esaplaʃ (-jem)jeʃem | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃ | esaplaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃem, esaplaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |