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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | jaʃman |
Genitive: | jaʃmanən |
Dative: | jaʃmanlan |
Accusative: | jaʃmanəm |
Comparative: | jaʃmanla |
Comitative: | jaʃmange |
Inessive: | jaʃmanəʃte |
Illative: | jaʃmanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | jaʃmaneʃ |
1SG: | jaʃmanem |
2SG: | jaʃmanet |
3SG: | jaʃmanʒe |
1PL: | jaʃmanːa |
2PL: | jaʃmanda |
3PL: | jaʃmanəʃt |
Plural (1): | jaʃman-βlak |
Plural (2): | jaʃman-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | jaʃmanla |
Sociative Plural: | jaʃmanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | jaʃmanem | jaʃman-βlak | jaʃman-βlakem, jaʃmanem-βlak |
Genitive: | jaʃmanemən | jaʃman-βlakən | jaʃman-βlakemən, jaʃmanem-βlakən |
Dative: | jaʃmanemlan, jaʃmanlanem | jaʃman-βlaklan | jaʃman-βlakemlan, jaʃmanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | jaʃmaneməm | jaʃman-βlakəm | jaʃman-βlakeməm, jaʃmanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | jaʃmanemla, jaʃmanlam | jaʃman-βlakla | jaʃman-βlakemla, jaʃmanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | jaʃmanemge | jaʃman-βlakge | jaʃman-βlakemge, jaʃmanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | jaʃmanəʃtem | jaʃman-βlakəʃte | jaʃman-βlakəʃtem, jaʃmanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | jaʃmanəʃkem | jaʃman-βlakəʃ(ke) | jaʃman-βlakəʃkem, jaʃmanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | jaʃmaneʃem | jaʃman-βlakeʃ | jaʃman-βlakeʃem, jaʃmanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |