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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | üpšan |
Genitive: | üpšanə̑n |
Dative: | üpšanlan |
Accusative: | üpšanə̑m |
Comparative: | üpšanla |
Comitative: | üpšange |
Inessive: | üpšanə̑šte |
Illative: | üpšanə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | üpšaneš |
1SG: | üpšanem |
2SG: | üpšanet |
3SG: | üpšanže |
1PL: | üpšanna |
2PL: | üpšanda |
3PL: | üpšanə̑št |
Plural (1): | üpšan-βlak |
Plural (2): | üpšan-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | üpšanla |
Sociative Plural: | üpšanmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | üpšanem | üpšan-βlak | üpšan-βlakem, üpšanem-βlak |
Genitive: | üpšanemə̑n | üpšan-βlakə̑n | üpšan-βlakemə̑n, üpšanem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | üpšanemlan, üpšanlanem | üpšan-βlaklan | üpšan-βlakemlan, üpšanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | üpšanemə̑m | üpšan-βlakə̑m | üpšan-βlakemə̑m, üpšanem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | üpšanemla, üpšanlam | üpšan-βlakla | üpšan-βlakemla, üpšanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | üpšanemge | üpšan-βlakge | üpšan-βlakemge, üpšanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | üpšanə̑štem | üpšan-βlakə̑šte | üpšan-βlakə̑štem, üpšanem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | üpšanə̑škem | üpšan-βlakə̑š(ke) | üpšan-βlakə̑škem, üpšanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | üpšanešem | üpšan-βlakeš | üpšan-βlakešem, üpšanem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |