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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almam | om alm |
| 2SG: | almat | ot alm |
| 3SG: | almeš | ok/ogeš alm |
| 1PL: | almə̑na | ona/ogə̑na alm |
| 2PL: | almə̑da | oda/ogə̑da alm |
| 3PL: | almə̑t | ogə̑t alm |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almə̑m | šə̑m alm |
| 2SG: | almə̑č́ | šə̑č́ alm |
| 3SG: | alme | ə̑š alm |
| 1PL: | almna | ə̑šna alm |
| 2PL: | almda | ə̑šda alm |
| 3PL: | almə̑č́ | ə̑št alm |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almə̑nam | almə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | almə̑nat | almə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | almə̑n | almə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | almə̑nna | almə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | almə̑nda | almə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | almə̑nə̑t | almə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almam ə̑l'e | om alm ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | almat ə̑l'e | ot alm ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | almeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš alm ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | almə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na alm ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | almə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da alm ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | almə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t alm ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almam ulmaš | om alm ulmaš |
| 2SG: | almat ulmaš | ot alm ulmaš |
| 3SG: | almeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš alm ulmaš |
| 1PL: | almə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na alm ulmaš |
| 2PL: | almə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da alm ulmaš |
| 3PL: | almə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t alm ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almə̑nam ə̑l'e | almə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | almə̑nat ə̑l'e | almə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | almə̑n ə̑l'e | almə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | almə̑nna ə̑l'e | almə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | almə̑nda ə̑l'e | almə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | almə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | almə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almə̑nam ulmaš | almə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | almə̑nat ulmaš | almə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | almə̑n ulmaš | almə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | almə̑nna ulmaš | almə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | almə̑nda ulmaš | almə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | almə̑nə̑t ulmaš | almə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | alm | it alm |
| 3SG: | almže | ə̑nže alm |
| 1PL: | (almə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na alm) |
| 2PL: | almza | ida alm |
| 3PL: | almə̑št | ə̑nə̑št alm |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almnem | ə̑nem alm |
| 2SG: | almnet | ə̑net alm |
| 3SG: | almneže | ə̑než alm |
| 1PL: | almnena | ə̑nena alm |
| 2PL: | almneda | ə̑neda alm |
| 3PL: | almnešt | ə̑nešt alm |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | almnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem alm ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | almnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net alm ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | almneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než alm ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | almnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena alm ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | almneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda alm ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | almnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt alm ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | almnet ulmaš | ə̑net alm ulmaš |
| 3SG: | almneže ulmaš | ə̑než alm ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | almneda ulmaš | ə̑neda alm ulmaš |
| 3PL: | almnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt alm ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | almaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | almman |
| Active participle: | almše |
| Passive participle: | almme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | almšaš |
| Negative participle: | almdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | almə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | almde |
| Gerund of prior action: | almmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | almmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | almšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | almmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | almdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||