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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkam | om birke |
| 2SG: | birkat | ot birke |
| 3SG: | birkeʃ | ok/ogeʃ birke |
| 1PL: | birkəːna | ona/ogəna birke |
| 2PL: | birkəːda | oda/ogəda birke |
| 3PL: | birkəːt | ogət birke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkeəm | ʃəm birke |
| 2SG: | birkeət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ birke |
| 3SG: | birkeje | əʃ birke |
| 1PL: | birkəna | əʃna birke |
| 2PL: | birkəda | əʃda birke |
| 3PL: | birkeət͡ɕ | əʃt birke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkəːnam | birkəːn oməl |
| 2SG: | birkəːnat | birkəːn otəl |
| 3SG: | birkəːn | birkəːn ogəl |
| 1PL: | birkəːnːa | birkəːn onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | birkəːnda | birkəːn odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | birkəːnət | birkəːn ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkam əʎe | om birke əʎe |
| 2SG: | birkat əʎe | ot birke əʎe |
| 3SG: | birkeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ birke əʎe |
| 1PL: | birkəːna əʎe | ona/ogəna birke əʎe |
| 2PL: | birkəːda əʎe | oda/ogəda birke əʎe |
| 3PL: | birkəːt əʎe | ogət birke əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkam ulmaʃ | om birke ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | birkat ulmaʃ | ot birke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | birkeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ birke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | birkəːna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna birke ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | birkəːda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda birke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | birkəːt ulmaʃ | ogət birke ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkəːnam əʎe | birkəːn oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | birkəːnat əʎe | birkəːn otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | birkəːn əʎe | birkəːn ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | birkəːnːa əʎe | birkəːn onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | birkəːnda əʎe | birkəːn odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | birkəːnət əʎe | birkəːn ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkəːnam ulmaʃ | birkəːn oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | birkəːnat ulmaʃ | birkəːn otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | birkəːn ulmaʃ | birkəːn ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | birkəːnːa ulmaʃ | birkəːn onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | birkəːnda ulmaʃ | birkəːn odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | birkəːnət ulmaʃ | birkəːn ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | birke | it birke |
| 3SG: | birkəʒe | ənʒe birke |
| 1PL: | (birkəːna) | (ona/ogəna birke) |
| 2PL: | birkəza | ida birke |
| 3PL: | birkəʃt | ənəʃt birke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkənem | ənem birke |
| 2SG: | birkənet | ənet birke |
| 3SG: | birkəneʒe | əneʒ birke |
| 1PL: | birkənena | ənena birke |
| 2PL: | birkəneda | əneda birke |
| 3PL: | birkəneʃt | əneʃt birke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | birkənem əʎe | ənem birke əʎe |
| 2SG: | birkənena əʎe | ənet birke əʎe |
| 3SG: | birkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ birke əʎe |
| 1PL: | birkənena əʎe | ənena birke əʎe |
| 2PL: | birkəneda əʎe | əneda birke əʎe |
| 3PL: | birkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt birke əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | birkənet ulmaʃ | ənet birke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | birkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ birke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | birkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda birke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | birkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt birke ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | birkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | birkəman |
| Active participle: | birkəʃe |
| Passive participle: | birkəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | birkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | birkədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | birkəːn |
| Negative gerund: | birkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | birkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | birkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | birkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | birkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | birkədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||