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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktaram | om βiktar |
| 2SG: | βiktarat | ot βiktar |
| 3SG: | βiktareš | ok/ogeš βiktar |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βiktar |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βiktar |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑t | ogə̑t βiktar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarə̑m | šə̑m βiktar |
| 2SG: | βiktarə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βiktar |
| 3SG: | βiktare | ə̑š βiktar |
| 1PL: | βiktarna | ə̑šna βiktar |
| 2PL: | βiktarda | ə̑šda βiktar |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑č́ | ə̑št βiktar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarə̑nam | βiktarə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βiktarə̑nat | βiktarə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βiktarə̑n | βiktarə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑nna | βiktarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑nda | βiktarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑nə̑t | βiktarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktaram ə̑l'e | om βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiktarat ə̑l'e | ot βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βiktareš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βiktar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktaram ulmaš | om βiktar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βiktarat ulmaš | ot βiktar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βiktareš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βiktar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βiktar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βiktar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βiktar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarə̑nam ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiktarə̑nat ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βiktarə̑n ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑nna ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑nda ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βiktarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarə̑nam ulmaš | βiktarə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βiktarə̑nat ulmaš | βiktarə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βiktarə̑n ulmaš | βiktarə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βiktarə̑nna ulmaš | βiktarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βiktarə̑nda ulmaš | βiktarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βiktarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βiktar | it βiktar |
| 3SG: | βiktarže | ə̑nže βiktar |
| 1PL: | (βiktarə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βiktar) |
| 2PL: | βiktarza | ida βiktar |
| 3PL: | βiktarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βiktar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarnem | ə̑nem βiktar |
| 2SG: | βiktarnet | ə̑net βiktar |
| 3SG: | βiktarneže | ə̑než βiktar |
| 1PL: | βiktarnena | ə̑nena βiktar |
| 2PL: | βiktarneda | ə̑neda βiktar |
| 3PL: | βiktarnešt | ə̑nešt βiktar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktarnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiktarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βiktarneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiktarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βiktarneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βiktar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiktarnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βiktar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βiktarnet ulmaš | ə̑net βiktar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βiktarneže ulmaš | ə̑než βiktar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βiktarneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βiktar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiktarnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βiktar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βiktaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βiktarman |
| Active participle: | βiktarše |
| Passive participle: | βiktarme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βiktaršaš |
| Negative participle: | βiktardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βiktarə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βiktarde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βiktarmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βiktarmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βiktaršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βiktarmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βiktardə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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