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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltaram | om βijaltar |
| 2SG: | βijaltarat | ot βijaltar |
| 3SG: | βijaltareš | ok/ogeš βijaltar |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βijaltar |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βijaltar |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑t | ogə̑t βijaltar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarə̑m | šə̑m βijaltar |
| 2SG: | βijaltarə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βijaltar |
| 3SG: | βijaltare | ə̑š βijaltar |
| 1PL: | βijaltarna | ə̑šna βijaltar |
| 2PL: | βijaltarda | ə̑šda βijaltar |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑č́ | ə̑št βijaltar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarə̑nam | βijaltarə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βijaltarə̑nat | βijaltarə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βijaltarə̑n | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑nna | βijaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑nda | βijaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑nə̑t | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltaram ə̑l'e | om βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βijaltarat ə̑l'e | ot βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βijaltareš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βijaltar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltaram ulmaš | om βijaltar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βijaltarat ulmaš | ot βijaltar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βijaltareš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βijaltar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βijaltar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βijaltar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βijaltar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarə̑nam ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βijaltarə̑nat ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βijaltarə̑n ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑nna ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑nda ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarə̑nam ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βijaltarə̑nat ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βijaltarə̑n ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βijaltarə̑nna ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βijaltarə̑nda ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βijaltarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βijaltar | it βijaltar |
| 3SG: | βijaltarže | ə̑nže βijaltar |
| 1PL: | (βijaltarə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βijaltar) |
| 2PL: | βijaltarza | ida βijaltar |
| 3PL: | βijaltarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βijaltar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarnem | ə̑nem βijaltar |
| 2SG: | βijaltarnet | ə̑net βijaltar |
| 3SG: | βijaltarneže | ə̑než βijaltar |
| 1PL: | βijaltarnena | ə̑nena βijaltar |
| 2PL: | βijaltarneda | ə̑neda βijaltar |
| 3PL: | βijaltarnešt | ə̑nešt βijaltar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βijaltarnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βijaltarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βijaltarneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βijaltarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βijaltarneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βijaltar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βijaltarnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βijaltar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βijaltarnet ulmaš | ə̑net βijaltar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βijaltarneže ulmaš | ə̑než βijaltar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βijaltarneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βijaltar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βijaltarnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βijaltar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βijaltaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βijaltarman |
| Active participle: | βijaltarše |
| Passive participle: | βijaltarme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βijaltaršaš |
| Negative participle: | βijaltardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βijaltarə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βijaltarde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βijaltarmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βijaltarmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βijaltaršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βijaltarmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βijaltardə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||