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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkam | om βspəʃke |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkat | ot βspəʃke |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkeʃ | ok/ogeʃ βspəʃke |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːna | ona/ogəna βspəʃke |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːda | oda/ogəda βspəʃke |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːt | ogət βspəʃke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkeəm | ʃəm βspəʃke |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkeət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βspəʃke |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkeje | əʃ βspəʃke |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəna | əʃna βspəʃke |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəda | əʃda βspəʃke |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkeət͡ɕ | əʃt βspəʃke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkəːnam | βspəʃkəːn oməl |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkəːnat | βspəʃkəːn otəl |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəːn | βspəʃkəːn ogəl |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːnːa | βspəʃkəːn onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːnda | βspəʃkəːn odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːnət | βspəʃkəːn ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkam əʎe | om βspəʃke əʎe |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkat əʎe | ot βspəʃke əʎe |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βspəʃke əʎe |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːna əʎe | ona/ogəna βspəʃke əʎe |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːda əʎe | oda/ogəda βspəʃke əʎe |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːt əʎe | ogət βspəʃke əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkam ulmaʃ | om βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkat ulmaʃ | ot βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːt ulmaʃ | ogət βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkəːnam əʎe | βspəʃkəːn oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkəːnat əʎe | βspəʃkəːn otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəːn əʎe | βspəʃkəːn ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːnːa əʎe | βspəʃkəːn onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːnda əʎe | βspəʃkəːn odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːnət əʎe | βspəʃkəːn ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkəːnam ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkəːnat ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəːn ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkəːnːa ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəːnda ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəːnət ulmaʃ | βspəʃkəːn ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βspəʃke | it βspəʃke |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəʒe | ənʒe βspəʃke |
| 1PL: | (βspəʃkəːna) | (ona/ogəna βspəʃke) |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəza | ida βspəʃke |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəʃt | ənəʃt βspəʃke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkənem | ənem βspəʃke |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkənet | ənet βspəʃke |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəneʒe | əneʒ βspəʃke |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkənena | ənena βspəʃke |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəneda | əneda βspəʃke |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəneʃt | əneʃt βspəʃke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βspəʃkənem əʎe | ənem βspəʃke əʎe |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkənena əʎe | ənet βspəʃke əʎe |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βspəʃke əʎe |
| 1PL: | βspəʃkənena əʎe | ənena βspəʃke əʎe |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəneda əʎe | əneda βspəʃke əʎe |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βspəʃke əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βspəʃkənet ulmaʃ | ənet βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βspəʃkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βspəʃkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βspəʃkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βspəʃke ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βspəʃkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βspəʃkəman |
| Active participle: | βspəʃkəʃe |
| Passive participle: | βspəʃkəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βspəʃkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βspəʃkədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βspəʃkəːn |
| Negative gerund: | βspəʃkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βspəʃkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βspəʃkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βspəʃkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βspəʃkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βspəʃkədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||