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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βul'am | om βulj |
| 2SG: | βul'at | ot βulj |
| 3SG: | βuleš | ok/ogeš βulj |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βulj |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βulj |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑t | ogə̑t βulj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljə̑m | šə̑m βulj |
| 2SG: | βuljə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βulj |
| 3SG: | βuljo | ə̑š βulj |
| 1PL: | βuljna | ə̑šna βulj |
| 2PL: | βuljda | ə̑šda βulj |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑č́ | ə̑št βulj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljə̑nam | βuljə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βuljə̑nat | βuljə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βuljə̑n | βuljə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑nna | βuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑nda | βuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑nə̑t | βuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βul'am ə̑l'e | om βulj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βul'at ə̑l'e | ot βulj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βuleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βulj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βulj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βulj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βulj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βul'am ulmaš | om βulj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βul'at ulmaš | ot βulj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βuleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βulj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βulj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βulj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βulj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljə̑nam ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βuljə̑nat ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βuljə̑n ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑nna ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑nda ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljə̑nam ulmaš | βuljə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βuljə̑nat ulmaš | βuljə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βuljə̑n ulmaš | βuljə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βuljə̑nna ulmaš | βuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βuljə̑nda ulmaš | βuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βulj | it βulj |
| 3SG: | βuljžo | ə̑nže βulj |
| 1PL: | (βuljə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βulj) |
| 2PL: | βuljza | ida βulj |
| 3PL: | βuljə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βulj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljnem | ə̑nem βulj |
| 2SG: | βuljnet | ə̑net βulj |
| 3SG: | βuljneže | ə̑než βulj |
| 1PL: | βuljnena | ə̑nena βulj |
| 2PL: | βuljneda | ə̑neda βulj |
| 3PL: | βuljnešt | ə̑nešt βulj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βuljnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βulj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βuljnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βulj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βuljneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βulj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βuljnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βulj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βuljneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βulj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βuljnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βulj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βuljnet ulmaš | ə̑net βulj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βuljneže ulmaš | ə̑než βulj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βuljneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βulj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βuljnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βulj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βul'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βuljman |
| Active participle: | βuljšo |
| Passive participle: | βuljmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βuljšaš |
| Negative participle: | βuljdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βuljə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βuljde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βuljmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βuljmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βuljšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βuljmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βuljdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||