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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gišan |
Genitive: | gišanə̑n |
Dative: | gišanlan |
Accusative: | gišanə̑m |
Comparative: | gišanla |
Comitative: | gišange |
Inessive: | gišanə̑šte |
Illative: | gišanə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | gišaneš |
1SG: | gišanem |
2SG: | gišanet |
3SG: | gišanže |
1PL: | gišanna |
2PL: | gišanda |
3PL: | gišanə̑št |
Plural (1): | gišan-βlak |
Plural (2): | gišan-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | gišanla |
Sociative Plural: | gišanmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | gišanem | gišan-βlak | gišan-βlakem, gišanem-βlak |
Genitive: | gišanemə̑n | gišan-βlakə̑n | gišan-βlakemə̑n, gišanem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | gišanemlan, gišanlanem | gišan-βlaklan | gišan-βlakemlan, gišanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | gišanemə̑m | gišan-βlakə̑m | gišan-βlakemə̑m, gišanem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | gišanemla, gišanlam | gišan-βlakla | gišan-βlakemla, gišanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | gišanemge | gišan-βlakge | gišan-βlakemge, gišanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | gišanə̑štem | gišan-βlakə̑šte | gišan-βlakə̑štem, gišanem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | gišanə̑škem | gišan-βlakə̑š(ke) | gišan-βlakə̑škem, gišanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | gišanešem | gišan-βlakeš | gišan-βlakešem, gišanem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |