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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | graf |
Genitive: | grafən |
Dative: | graflan |
Accusative: | grafəm |
Comparative: | grafla |
Comitative: | grafge |
Inessive: | grafəʃte |
Illative: | grafəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | grafeʃ |
1SG: | grafem |
2SG: | grafet |
3SG: | grafʃe |
1PL: | grafna |
2PL: | grafda |
3PL: | grafəʃt |
Plural (1): | graf-βlak |
Plural (2): | graf-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | grafla |
Sociative Plural: | grafmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | grafem | graf-βlak | graf-βlakem, grafem-βlak |
Genitive: | grafemən | graf-βlakən | graf-βlakemən, grafem-βlakən |
Dative: | grafemlan, graflanem | graf-βlaklan | graf-βlakemlan, grafem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | grafeməm | graf-βlakəm | graf-βlakeməm, grafem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | grafemla, graflam | graf-βlakla | graf-βlakemla, grafem-βlakla |
Comitative: | grafemge | graf-βlakge | graf-βlakemge, grafem-βlakge |
Inessive: | grafəʃtem | graf-βlakəʃte | graf-βlakəʃtem, grafem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | grafəʃkem | graf-βlakəʃ(ke) | graf-βlakəʃkem, grafem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | grafeʃem | graf-βlakeʃ | graf-βlakeʃem, grafem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |