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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijul'am | om ijulj |
| 2SG: | ijul'at | ot ijulj |
| 3SG: | ijuleš | ok/ogeš ijulj |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ijulj |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ijulj |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑t | ogə̑t ijulj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljə̑m | šə̑m ijulj |
| 2SG: | ijuljə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ijulj |
| 3SG: | ijuljo | ə̑š ijulj |
| 1PL: | ijuljna | ə̑šna ijulj |
| 2PL: | ijuljda | ə̑šda ijulj |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑č́ | ə̑št ijulj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljə̑nam | ijuljə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ijuljə̑nat | ijuljə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ijuljə̑n | ijuljə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑nna | ijuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑nda | ijuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑nə̑t | ijuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijul'am ə̑l'e | om ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ijul'at ə̑l'e | ot ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ijuleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ijulj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijul'am ulmaš | om ijulj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ijul'at ulmaš | ot ijulj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ijuleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ijulj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ijulj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ijulj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ijulj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljə̑nam ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ijuljə̑nat ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ijuljə̑n ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑nna ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑nda ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | ijuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljə̑nam ulmaš | ijuljə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ijuljə̑nat ulmaš | ijuljə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ijuljə̑n ulmaš | ijuljə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ijuljə̑nna ulmaš | ijuljə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ijuljə̑nda ulmaš | ijuljə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑nə̑t ulmaš | ijuljə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ijulj | it ijulj |
| 3SG: | ijuljžo | ə̑nže ijulj |
| 1PL: | (ijuljə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ijulj) |
| 2PL: | ijuljza | ida ijulj |
| 3PL: | ijuljə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ijulj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljnem | ə̑nem ijulj |
| 2SG: | ijuljnet | ə̑net ijulj |
| 3SG: | ijuljneže | ə̑než ijulj |
| 1PL: | ijuljnena | ə̑nena ijulj |
| 2PL: | ijuljneda | ə̑neda ijulj |
| 3PL: | ijuljnešt | ə̑nešt ijulj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ijuljnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ijuljnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ijuljneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ijuljnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ijuljneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ijulj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ijuljnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ijulj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ijuljnet ulmaš | ə̑net ijulj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ijuljneže ulmaš | ə̑než ijulj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ijuljneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ijulj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ijuljnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ijulj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ijul'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ijuljman |
| Active participle: | ijuljšo |
| Passive participle: | ijuljmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ijuljšaš |
| Negative participle: | ijuljdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ijuljə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | ijuljde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ijuljmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ijuljmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ijuljšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ijuljmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ijuljdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||