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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltam | om jolt |
| 2SG: | joltat | ot jolt |
| 3SG: | jolteš | ok/ogeš jolt |
| 1PL: | joltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jolt |
| 2PL: | joltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jolt |
| 3PL: | joltə̑t | ogə̑t jolt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltə̑m | šə̑m jolt |
| 2SG: | joltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jolt |
| 3SG: | jolto | ə̑š jolt |
| 1PL: | joltna | ə̑šna jolt |
| 2PL: | joltda | ə̑šda jolt |
| 3PL: | joltə̑č́ | ə̑št jolt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltə̑nam | joltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | joltə̑nat | joltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | joltə̑n | joltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | joltə̑nna | joltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | joltə̑nda | joltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | joltə̑nə̑t | joltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltam ə̑l'e | om jolt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joltat ə̑l'e | ot jolt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jolteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jolt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jolt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jolt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jolt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltam ulmaš | om jolt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joltat ulmaš | ot jolt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jolteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jolt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jolt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jolt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jolt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltə̑nam ə̑l'e | joltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joltə̑nat ə̑l'e | joltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joltə̑n ə̑l'e | joltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joltə̑nna ə̑l'e | joltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joltə̑nda ə̑l'e | joltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | joltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltə̑nam ulmaš | joltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joltə̑nat ulmaš | joltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joltə̑n ulmaš | joltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joltə̑nna ulmaš | joltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joltə̑nda ulmaš | joltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | joltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jolt | it jolt |
| 3SG: | joltšo | ə̑nže jolt |
| 1PL: | (joltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jolt) |
| 2PL: | joltsa | ida jolt |
| 3PL: | joltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jolt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltnem | ə̑nem jolt |
| 2SG: | joltnet | ə̑net jolt |
| 3SG: | joltneže | ə̑než jolt |
| 1PL: | joltnena | ə̑nena jolt |
| 2PL: | joltneda | ə̑neda jolt |
| 3PL: | joltnešt | ə̑nešt jolt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jolt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jolt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jolt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jolt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jolt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jolt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joltnet ulmaš | ə̑net jolt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joltneže ulmaš | ə̑než jolt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | joltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jolt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jolt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | joltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | joltman |
| Active participle: | joltšo |
| Passive participle: | joltmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | joltšaš |
| Negative participle: | joltdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | joltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | joltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | joltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | joltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | joltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | joltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | joltdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||