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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | joŋgaltʃan |
Genitive: | joŋgaltʃanən |
Dative: | joŋgaltʃanlan |
Accusative: | joŋgaltʃanəm |
Comparative: | joŋgaltʃanla |
Comitative: | joŋgaltʃange |
Inessive: | joŋgaltʃanəʃte |
Illative: | joŋgaltʃanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | joŋgaltʃaneʃ |
1SG: | joŋgaltʃanem |
2SG: | joŋgaltʃanet |
3SG: | joŋgaltʃanʒe |
1PL: | joŋgaltʃanːa |
2PL: | joŋgaltʃanda |
3PL: | joŋgaltʃanəʃt |
Plural (1): | joŋgaltʃan-βlak |
Plural (2): | joŋgaltʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | joŋgaltʃanla |
Sociative Plural: | joŋgaltʃanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | joŋgaltʃanem | joŋgaltʃan-βlak | joŋgaltʃan-βlakem, joŋgaltʃanem-βlak |
Genitive: | joŋgaltʃanemən | joŋgaltʃan-βlakən | joŋgaltʃan-βlakemən, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakən |
Dative: | joŋgaltʃanemlan, joŋgaltʃanlanem | joŋgaltʃan-βlaklan | joŋgaltʃan-βlakemlan, joŋgaltʃanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | joŋgaltʃaneməm | joŋgaltʃan-βlakəm | joŋgaltʃan-βlakeməm, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | joŋgaltʃanemla, joŋgaltʃanlam | joŋgaltʃan-βlakla | joŋgaltʃan-βlakemla, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | joŋgaltʃanemge | joŋgaltʃan-βlakge | joŋgaltʃan-βlakemge, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | joŋgaltʃanəʃtem | joŋgaltʃan-βlakəʃte | joŋgaltʃan-βlakəʃtem, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | joŋgaltʃanəʃkem | joŋgaltʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋgaltʃan-βlakəʃkem, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | joŋgaltʃaneʃem | joŋgaltʃan-βlakeʃ | joŋgaltʃan-βlakeʃem, joŋgaltʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |