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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kaka |
Genitive: | kakan |
Dative: | kakalan |
Accusative: | kakam |
Comparative: | kakala |
Comitative: | kakage |
Inessive: | kakaʃte |
Illative: | kakaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kakaʃ |
1SG: | kakam |
2SG: | kakat |
3SG: | kakaʒ(e) |
1PL: | kakana |
2PL: | kakada |
3PL: | kakaʃt |
Plural (1): | kaka-βlak |
Plural (2): | kaka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kakala |
Sociative Plural: | kakamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kakam | kaka-βlak | kaka-βlakem, kakam-βlak |
Genitive: | kakamən | kaka-βlakən | kaka-βlakemən, kakam-βlakən |
Dative: | kakamlan, kakalanem | kaka-βlaklan | kaka-βlakemlan, kakam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kakaməm | kaka-βlakəm | kaka-βlakeməm, kakam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kakamla, kakalam | kaka-βlakla | kaka-βlakemla, kakam-βlakla |
Comitative: | kakamge | kaka-βlakge | kaka-βlakemge, kakam-βlakge |
Inessive: | kakaʃtem | kaka-βlakəʃte | kaka-βlakəʃtem, kakam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kakaʃkem | kaka-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaka-βlakəʃkem, kakam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kakaʃem | kaka-βlakeʃ | kaka-βlakeʃem, kakam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |