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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kulaʃa |
Genitive: | kulaʃan |
Dative: | kulaʃalan |
Accusative: | kulaʃam |
Comparative: | kulaʃala |
Comitative: | kulaʃage |
Inessive: | kulaʃaʃte |
Illative: | kulaʃaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kulaʃaʃ |
1SG: | kulaʃam |
2SG: | kulaʃat |
3SG: | kulaʃaʒ(e) |
1PL: | kulaʃana |
2PL: | kulaʃada |
3PL: | kulaʃaʃt |
Plural (1): | kulaʃa-βlak |
Plural (2): | kulaʃa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kulaʃala |
Sociative Plural: | kulaʃamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kulaʃam | kulaʃa-βlak | kulaʃa-βlakem, kulaʃam-βlak |
Genitive: | kulaʃamən | kulaʃa-βlakən | kulaʃa-βlakemən, kulaʃam-βlakən |
Dative: | kulaʃamlan, kulaʃalanem | kulaʃa-βlaklan | kulaʃa-βlakemlan, kulaʃam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kulaʃaməm | kulaʃa-βlakəm | kulaʃa-βlakeməm, kulaʃam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kulaʃamla, kulaʃalam | kulaʃa-βlakla | kulaʃa-βlakemla, kulaʃam-βlakla |
Comitative: | kulaʃamge | kulaʃa-βlakge | kulaʃa-βlakemge, kulaʃam-βlakge |
Inessive: | kulaʃaʃtem | kulaʃa-βlakəʃte | kulaʃa-βlakəʃtem, kulaʃam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kulaʃaʃkem | kulaʃa-βlakəʃ(ke) | kulaʃa-βlakəʃkem, kulaʃam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kulaʃaʃem | kulaʃa-βlakeʃ | kulaʃa-βlakeʃem, kulaʃam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |