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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlam | om laitl |
| 2SG: | laitlat | ot laitl |
| 3SG: | laitleš | ok/ogeš laitl |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑na | ona/ogə̑na laitl |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑da | oda/ogə̑da laitl |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑t | ogə̑t laitl |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitl'ə̑m | šə̑m laitl |
| 2SG: | laitl'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ laitl |
| 3SG: | laitl'e | ə̑š laitl |
| 1PL: | laitlna | ə̑šna laitl |
| 2PL: | laitlda | ə̑šda laitl |
| 3PL: | laitl'ə̑č́ | ə̑št laitl |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlə̑nam | laitlə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | laitlə̑nat | laitlə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | laitlə̑n | laitlə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑nna | laitlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑nda | laitlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑nə̑t | laitlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlam ə̑l'e | om laitl ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laitlat ə̑l'e | ot laitl ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laitleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš laitl ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na laitl ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da laitl ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t laitl ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlam ulmaš | om laitl ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laitlat ulmaš | ot laitl ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laitleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš laitl ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na laitl ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da laitl ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t laitl ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlə̑nam ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laitlə̑nat ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laitlə̑n ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑nna ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑nda ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | laitlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlə̑nam ulmaš | laitlə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laitlə̑nat ulmaš | laitlə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laitlə̑n ulmaš | laitlə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laitlə̑nna ulmaš | laitlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laitlə̑nda ulmaš | laitlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑nə̑t ulmaš | laitlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | laitl | it laitl |
| 3SG: | laitlže | ə̑nže laitl |
| 1PL: | (laitlə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na laitl) |
| 2PL: | laitlza | ida laitl |
| 3PL: | laitlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št laitl |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlnem | ə̑nem laitl |
| 2SG: | laitlnet | ə̑net laitl |
| 3SG: | laitlneže | ə̑než laitl |
| 1PL: | laitlnena | ə̑nena laitl |
| 2PL: | laitlneda | ə̑neda laitl |
| 3PL: | laitlnešt | ə̑nešt laitl |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | laitlnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem laitl ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laitlnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net laitl ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laitlneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než laitl ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laitlnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena laitl ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laitlneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda laitl ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laitlnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt laitl ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | laitlnet ulmaš | ə̑net laitl ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laitlneže ulmaš | ə̑než laitl ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | laitlneda ulmaš | ə̑neda laitl ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laitlnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt laitl ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | laitlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | laitlman |
| Active participle: | laitlše |
| Passive participle: | laitlme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | laitlšaš |
| Negative participle: | laitldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | laitlə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | laitlde |
| Gerund of prior action: | laitlmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | laitlmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | laitlšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | laitlmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | laitldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||