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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšam | om lijš |
| 2SG: | lijšat | ot lijš |
| 3SG: | lijšeš | ok/ogeš lijš |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑na | ona/ogə̑na lijš |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑da | oda/ogə̑da lijš |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑t | ogə̑t lijš |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšə̑m | šə̑m lijš |
| 2SG: | lijšə̑č́ | šə̑č́ lijš |
| 3SG: | lijše | ə̑š lijš |
| 1PL: | lijšna | ə̑šna lijš |
| 2PL: | lijšda | ə̑šda lijš |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑č́ | ə̑št lijš |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšə̑nam | lijšə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | lijšə̑nat | lijšə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | lijšə̑n | lijšə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑nna | lijšə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑nda | lijšə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑nə̑t | lijšə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšam ə̑l'e | om lijš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lijšat ə̑l'e | ot lijš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lijšeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš lijš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na lijš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da lijš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t lijš ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšam ulmaš | om lijš ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lijšat ulmaš | ot lijš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lijšeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš lijš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na lijš ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da lijš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t lijš ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšə̑nam ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lijšə̑nat ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lijšə̑n ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑nna ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑nda ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | lijšə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšə̑nam ulmaš | lijšə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lijšə̑nat ulmaš | lijšə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lijšə̑n ulmaš | lijšə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lijšə̑nna ulmaš | lijšə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lijšə̑nda ulmaš | lijšə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑nə̑t ulmaš | lijšə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lijš | it lijš |
| 3SG: | lijšše | ə̑nže lijš |
| 1PL: | (lijšə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na lijš) |
| 2PL: | lijšsa | ida lijš |
| 3PL: | lijšə̑št | ə̑nə̑št lijš |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšnem | ə̑nem lijš |
| 2SG: | lijšnet | ə̑net lijš |
| 3SG: | lijšneže | ə̑než lijš |
| 1PL: | lijšnena | ə̑nena lijš |
| 2PL: | lijšneda | ə̑neda lijš |
| 3PL: | lijšnešt | ə̑nešt lijš |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lijšnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem lijš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lijšnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net lijš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lijšneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než lijš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lijšnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena lijš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lijšneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda lijš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lijšnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt lijš ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lijšnet ulmaš | ə̑net lijš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lijšneže ulmaš | ə̑než lijš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | lijšneda ulmaš | ə̑neda lijš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lijšnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt lijš ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | lijšaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | lijšman |
| Active participle: | lijšše |
| Passive participle: | lijšme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | lijššaš |
| Negative participle: | lijšdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | lijšə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | lijšde |
| Gerund of prior action: | lijšmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | lijšmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | lijššə̑la |
| Nominalization: | lijšmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | lijšdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||