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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | lupʃan |
Genitive: | lupʃanən |
Dative: | lupʃanlan |
Accusative: | lupʃanəm |
Comparative: | lupʃanla |
Comitative: | lupʃange |
Inessive: | lupʃanəʃte |
Illative: | lupʃanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | lupʃaneʃ |
1SG: | lupʃanem |
2SG: | lupʃanet |
3SG: | lupʃanʒe |
1PL: | lupʃanːa |
2PL: | lupʃanda |
3PL: | lupʃanəʃt |
Plural (1): | lupʃan-βlak |
Plural (2): | lupʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | lupʃanla |
Sociative Plural: | lupʃanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | lupʃanem | lupʃan-βlak | lupʃan-βlakem, lupʃanem-βlak |
Genitive: | lupʃanemən | lupʃan-βlakən | lupʃan-βlakemən, lupʃanem-βlakən |
Dative: | lupʃanemlan, lupʃanlanem | lupʃan-βlaklan | lupʃan-βlakemlan, lupʃanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | lupʃaneməm | lupʃan-βlakəm | lupʃan-βlakeməm, lupʃanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | lupʃanemla, lupʃanlam | lupʃan-βlakla | lupʃan-βlakemla, lupʃanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | lupʃanemge | lupʃan-βlakge | lupʃan-βlakemge, lupʃanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | lupʃanəʃtem | lupʃan-βlakəʃte | lupʃan-βlakəʃtem, lupʃanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | lupʃanəʃkem | lupʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | lupʃan-βlakəʃkem, lupʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | lupʃaneʃem | lupʃan-βlakeʃ | lupʃan-βlakeʃem, lupʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |