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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugam | om nastrug |
| 2SG: | nastrugat | ot nastrug |
| 3SG: | nastrugeš | ok/ogeš nastrug |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑na | ona/ogə̑na nastrug |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑da | oda/ogə̑da nastrug |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑t | ogə̑t nastrug |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugə̑m | šə̑m nastrug |
| 2SG: | nastrugə̑č́ | šə̑č́ nastrug |
| 3SG: | nastrugo | ə̑š nastrug |
| 1PL: | nastrugna | ə̑šna nastrug |
| 2PL: | nastrugda | ə̑šda nastrug |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑č́ | ə̑št nastrug |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugə̑nam | nastrugə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | nastrugə̑nat | nastrugə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | nastrugə̑n | nastrugə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑nna | nastrugə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑nda | nastrugə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑nə̑t | nastrugə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugam ə̑l'e | om nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nastrugat ə̑l'e | ot nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nastrugeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t nastrug ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugam ulmaš | om nastrug ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nastrugat ulmaš | ot nastrug ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nastrugeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš nastrug ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na nastrug ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da nastrug ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t nastrug ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugə̑nam ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nastrugə̑nat ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nastrugə̑n ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑nna ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑nda ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | nastrugə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugə̑nam ulmaš | nastrugə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nastrugə̑nat ulmaš | nastrugə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nastrugə̑n ulmaš | nastrugə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nastrugə̑nna ulmaš | nastrugə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nastrugə̑nda ulmaš | nastrugə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑nə̑t ulmaš | nastrugə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nastrug | it nastrug |
| 3SG: | nastrugšo | ə̑nže nastrug |
| 1PL: | (nastrugə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na nastrug) |
| 2PL: | nastrugsa | ida nastrug |
| 3PL: | nastrugə̑št | ə̑nə̑št nastrug |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugnem | ə̑nem nastrug |
| 2SG: | nastrugnet | ə̑net nastrug |
| 3SG: | nastrugneže | ə̑než nastrug |
| 1PL: | nastrugnena | ə̑nena nastrug |
| 2PL: | nastrugneda | ə̑neda nastrug |
| 3PL: | nastrugnešt | ə̑nešt nastrug |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nastrugnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nastrugnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nastrugneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nastrugnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nastrugneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda nastrug ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nastrugnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt nastrug ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nastrugnet ulmaš | ə̑net nastrug ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nastrugneže ulmaš | ə̑než nastrug ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | nastrugneda ulmaš | ə̑neda nastrug ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nastrugnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt nastrug ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | nastrugaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | nastrugman |
| Active participle: | nastrugšo |
| Passive participle: | nastrugmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | nastrugšaš |
| Negative participle: | nastrugdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | nastrugə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | nastrugde |
| Gerund of prior action: | nastrugmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | nastrugmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | nastrugšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | nastrugmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | nastrugdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||