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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβam | om opraβe |
| 2SG: | opraβat | ot opraβe |
| 3SG: | opraβeš | ok/ogeš opraβe |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na opraβe |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da opraβe |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑t | ogə̑t opraβe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβeə̑m | šə̑m opraβe |
| 2SG: | opraβeə̑č́ | šə̑č́ opraβe |
| 3SG: | opraβeje | ə̑š opraβe |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑na | ə̑šna opraβe |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑da | ə̑šda opraβe |
| 3PL: | opraβeə̑č́ | ə̑št opraβe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nam | opraβə̑ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nat | opraβə̑ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑ə̑n | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nna | opraβə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nda | opraβə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nə̑t | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβam ə̑l'e | om opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | opraβat ə̑l'e | ot opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | opraβeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t opraβe ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβam ulmaš | om opraβe ulmaš |
| 2SG: | opraβat ulmaš | ot opraβe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | opraβeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš opraβe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na opraβe ulmaš |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da opraβe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t opraβe ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nam ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nat ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑ə̑n ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nna ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nda ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nam ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑ə̑nat ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑ə̑n ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nna ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nda ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | opraβə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | opraβe | it opraβe |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑že | ə̑nže opraβe |
| 1PL: | (opraβə̑ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na opraβe) |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑za | ida opraβe |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑št | ə̑nə̑št opraβe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβə̑nem | ə̑nem opraβe |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑net | ə̑net opraβe |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑neže | ə̑než opraβe |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑nena | ə̑nena opraβe |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑neda | ə̑neda opraβe |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑nešt | ə̑nešt opraβe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | opraβə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | opraβə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda opraβe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt opraβe ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | opraβə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net opraβe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | opraβə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než opraβe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | opraβə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda opraβe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | opraβə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt opraβe ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | opraβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | opraβə̑man |
| Active participle: | opraβə̑še |
| Passive participle: | opraβə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | opraβə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | opraβə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | opraβə̑ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | opraβə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | opraβə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | opraβə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | opraβə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | opraβə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | opraβə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||