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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkam | om postanoβko |
| 2SG: | postanoβkat | ot postanoβko |
| 3SG: | postanoβkeš | ok/ogeš postanoβko |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na postanoβko |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da postanoβko |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑t | ogə̑t postanoβko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkoə̑m | šə̑m postanoβko |
| 2SG: | postanoβkoə̑č́ | šə̑č́ postanoβko |
| 3SG: | postanoβkoo | ə̑š postanoβko |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑na | ə̑šna postanoβko |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑da | ə̑šda postanoβko |
| 3PL: | postanoβkoə̑č́ | ə̑št postanoβko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nam | postanoβkə̑ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nat | postanoβkə̑ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑n | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nna | postanoβkə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nda | postanoβkə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nə̑t | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkam ə̑l'e | om postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | postanoβkat ə̑l'e | ot postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | postanoβkeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t postanoβko ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkam ulmaš | om postanoβko ulmaš |
| 2SG: | postanoβkat ulmaš | ot postanoβko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | postanoβkeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš postanoβko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na postanoβko ulmaš |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da postanoβko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t postanoβko ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nam ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nat ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nna ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nda ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nam ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nat ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nna ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nda ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | postanoβkə̑ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | postanoβko | it postanoβko |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑žo | ə̑nže postanoβko |
| 1PL: | (postanoβkə̑ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na postanoβko) |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑za | ida postanoβko |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑št | ə̑nə̑št postanoβko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkə̑nem | ə̑nem postanoβko |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑net | ə̑net postanoβko |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑neže | ə̑než postanoβko |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑nena | ə̑nena postanoβko |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑neda | ə̑neda postanoβko |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑nešt | ə̑nešt postanoβko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | postanoβkə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | postanoβkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda postanoβko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt postanoβko ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | postanoβkə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net postanoβko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | postanoβkə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než postanoβko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | postanoβkə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda postanoβko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | postanoβkə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt postanoβko ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | postanoβkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | postanoβkə̑man |
| Active participle: | postanoβkə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | postanoβkə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | postanoβkə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | postanoβkə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | postanoβkə̑ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | postanoβkə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | postanoβkə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | postanoβkə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | postanoβkə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | postanoβkə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | postanoβkə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||