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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | poŋgan |
Genitive: | poŋganən |
Dative: | poŋganlan |
Accusative: | poŋganəm |
Comparative: | poŋganla |
Comitative: | poŋgange |
Inessive: | poŋganəʃte |
Illative: | poŋganəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | poŋganeʃ |
1SG: | poŋganem |
2SG: | poŋganet |
3SG: | poŋganʒe |
1PL: | poŋganːa |
2PL: | poŋganda |
3PL: | poŋganəʃt |
Plural (1): | poŋgan-βlak |
Plural (2): | poŋgan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | poŋganla |
Sociative Plural: | poŋganmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | poŋganem | poŋgan-βlak | poŋgan-βlakem, poŋganem-βlak |
Genitive: | poŋganemən | poŋgan-βlakən | poŋgan-βlakemən, poŋganem-βlakən |
Dative: | poŋganemlan, poŋganlanem | poŋgan-βlaklan | poŋgan-βlakemlan, poŋganem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | poŋganeməm | poŋgan-βlakəm | poŋgan-βlakeməm, poŋganem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | poŋganemla, poŋganlam | poŋgan-βlakla | poŋgan-βlakemla, poŋganem-βlakla |
Comitative: | poŋganemge | poŋgan-βlakge | poŋgan-βlakemge, poŋganem-βlakge |
Inessive: | poŋganəʃtem | poŋgan-βlakəʃte | poŋgan-βlakəʃtem, poŋganem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | poŋganəʃkem | poŋgan-βlakəʃ(ke) | poŋgan-βlakəʃkem, poŋganem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | poŋganeʃem | poŋgan-βlakeʃ | poŋgan-βlakeʃem, poŋganem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |